中国应对气候变化政策和市场展望

发布时间：2018-04-17 06:25

本文选题：低碳发展 + 排放峰值　；参考：《中国能源》2016年01期

【摘要】：中国应对气候变化政策和市场大体经历了两个阶段,一是1992年至2008年的探索、准备和基本建制阶段,这个阶段的政策主要以"无悔减排"的节能目标为主,伴随着"巴厘路线图"进程开启和国内工作的起步,新的工作体制得以建立,此时的市场机制主要是项目层、收益性的、单向的国际交易;二是2009年至2015年的过渡、培育和战略决策阶段,这个阶段的政策正式过渡到以碳强度、能源强度并重的结构减排目标为主的体系,伴随着"德班平台"进程开启和国内试点的需要,国家中长期低碳发展的宏观战略部署得以开展,决策支撑体系更为完善,碳强度、非化石能源占比、碳汇、峰值时间等多重新目标正式提出,此时的市场机制主要是探索性的、自下而上的、基于配额的地方试点创新。随着2015年《巴黎协定》的达成和碳排放峰值目标的实施进入日程,中国当前正步入应对气候变化政策实施和市场建设的第三阶段,宏观政策施力点将逐步过渡到总量控制,化石能源消费将出现拐点、低碳能源投资将超过传统能源,全国碳市场正式启动,以增长转型、能源转型、消费转型为主的低碳革命进入提速增效阶段。
[Abstract]:China's climate change policy and market have generally gone through two stages. One is the exploration, preparation and basic establishment stage from 1992 to 2008. The policy in this stage is mainly based on the energy saving goal of "no regrets to reduce emissions."With the commencement of the Bali Road Map process and the start of domestic work, a new working system was established, with a market mechanism dominated by project-level, profitable, one-way international transactions; and a transition from 2009 to 2015,Fostering and strategic decision-making, a formal transition of policy at this stage to a system with carbon intensity and energy intensity as the main structural emission reduction targets, accompanied by the opening of the Durban platform process and the need for domestic pilots,The macro-strategic deployment of the country's medium- and long-term low-carbon development has been carried out, the decision-making support system has become more perfect, the carbon intensity, the proportion of non-fossil energy sources, carbon sinks, peak time, and so on have been formally re-targeted. At this time, the market mechanism is mainly exploratory.Bottom-up, quota-based local pilot innovation.With the achievement of the Paris Accord in 2015 and the implementation of the target of peak carbon emissions into the agenda, China is now entering the third phase of policy implementation and market building in response to climate change. Macroeconomic policy efforts will gradually transition to total control.Fossil energy consumption will appear inflection point, low carbon energy investment will exceed traditional energy, the national carbon market will be officially started, the low-carbon revolution with growth transformation, energy transformation and consumption transformation will enter the phase of increasing speed and increasing efficiency.
【作者单位】：国家应对气候变化战略研究和国际合作中心;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“气候变化谈判关键议题的支撑技术研究”(编号:2012BAC20B04)
【分类号】：F206;P467

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