甘肃省三个主要生态区域城镇化的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 09:48

本文选题：青藏高原 + 黄土高原　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城镇化反映一个国家或地区的综合发展水平、发展阶段及文明进步程度。甘肃省生态环境脆弱、敏感,社会经济发展水平居全国末尾,在城镇化发展过程中尤其需要加以引导,避免生态环境破坏导致的生态—经济恶性循环。为此,在分析国内外城镇化与生态环境相互作用的基础上,在甘肃省青藏高原、西北内陆干旱区、黄土高原3个主要生态区分别选择玛曲县、临泽县、环县作为研究区,通过收集统计资料、实地调研和农户问卷调查,比较三个区域城镇化发展的差异性。得到以下主要结论：1.当前,三个县都处于城镇化发展的初级阶段,城镇化水平总体较为接近。人口城镇化率环县最高,临泽县最低,分别为21.67%和18.71%。2.通过城镇化发展不平衡指数的测算,三县的城镇化发展均滞后于当地经济社会发展水平。城镇化发展不平衡指数(取值范围在-1至1之间,越接近0,发展越平衡),玛曲县为-0.079,比较平衡；环县为-0.479,在3个县中最不平衡。3.建立的新型城镇化综合水平测算模型,包括人口发展、经济发展、基础设施建设和社会发展四部分的18项指标。新型城镇化综合水平得分(取值范围0—1,值越大说明城镇化水平越高)临泽县最高玛曲县最低分别0.26和0.08。4.68.67%的受调查农牧户对参与城镇化持有积极态度,但影响因素区域差异明显。玛曲县主要影响因素依次为牧场面积、居住面积、城镇化的了解程度、土地流转、基础设施等,临泽县主要关注因素依次为家庭收入、土地面积、对城镇化的了解程度等,环县则主要集中在对城镇化的了解程度和户籍改革两方面。乡村、城镇与生态环境之间构成典型的自然—人类耦合系统,三者相互促进和制约。三地城镇化水平的不同,主要是由于甘肃省内各区域间较为明显的生态类型和自然环境差异。这种差异首先作用在经济发展和产业结构上,进而导致城镇化水平的不同。在城镇化发展的初期阶段,由于农业的基础性地位及其在经济结构中的重要比重,在无明显资源优势的地区,生态环境的差异决定了农业发展水平的不同,进而导致城镇化发展水平在区域间的差异。
[Abstract]:Urbanization reflects the level of comprehensive development, the stage of development and the degree of civilization progress of a country or region. The ecological environment of Gansu Province is fragile and sensitive, and the level of social and economic development ranks at the end of the whole country. It is especially necessary to guide the development of urbanization in order to avoid the vicious circle of eco-economy caused by the destruction of ecological environment. Therefore, on the basis of analyzing the interaction between urbanization and ecological environment at home and abroad, the three main ecological regions of Gansu Province, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Northwest Inland Arid region and Loess Plateau, selected Maqu County, Linze County and Huan County as study areas, respectively. The differences of urbanization development in the three regions were compared by collecting statistical data, field investigation and questionnaire survey. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. At present, the three counties are in the primary stage of urbanization development, the level of urbanization is generally close. The population urbanization rate is the highest in Huan County and the lowest in Linze County, which is 21.67% and 18.71%, respectively. Through the calculation of the unbalanced index of urbanization development, the development of urbanization in the three counties lags behind the level of local economic and social development. The disequilibrium index of urbanization development (the value range is between -1 and 1, the more close to 0, the more balanced the development is, the more balanced is -0.079 in Maqu County, and -0.479 in Huan County, which is the most unbalanced of the three counties. The new comprehensive level model of urbanization includes 18 indexes of population development, economic development, infrastructure construction and social development. The scores of comprehensive level of new-type urbanization (the value range 0-1, the greater the value indicates the higher the urbanization level) the lowest of the highest Maqu county in Linze County is 0.26% and 0.08.4.68.67% of the surveyed farmers have a positive attitude towards participating in urbanization. But the regional difference of influencing factors was obvious. The main influencing factors in Maqu County are pasture area, living area, understanding degree of urbanization, land circulation, infrastructure and so on. The main factors of concern in Linze County are family income, land area, level of understanding of urbanization and so on. Huan County is mainly focused on the level of understanding of urbanization and household registration reform. Rural, urban and ecological environment form a typical natural-human coupling system, the three promote and restrict each other. The difference of urbanization level among the three places is mainly due to the obvious difference of ecological types and natural environment among different regions in Gansu province. This difference in economic development and industrial structure, leading to different levels of urbanization. In the early stage of urbanization, because of the basic position of agriculture and its important proportion in economic structure, the difference of ecological environment determines the difference of agricultural development level in areas without obvious resource advantage. Then leads to the urbanization development level in the regional difference.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.27

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