中国现行土地制度对土地利用和新型城镇化的影响及应对——兼论城镇化进程中土地利用的歧视性制度设计

发布时间：2018-06-04 14:34

本文选题：城乡二元性 + 城市倾向　；参考：《社会科学》2016年09期

【摘要】：中国城镇化进程中的土地制度设计表现了明显的倾向性。这种倾向于城市用地和工业用地的制度安排在工业化城镇化的加速发展时期发挥了重要的促进和保障作用。然而,随着工业化的演进升级、经济服务化的逐步转型以及城镇化的纵深发展,"城市倾向"和"工业化倾向"的土地利用制度已经愈来愈不适应经济转型发展和新型城镇化的客观要求,甚至负面作用日益突出,例如:征(用)地补偿的城乡差异人为加剧了城乡居民收入差距,城乡用地的歧视性制度设计从根本上加剧了地方政府的土地财政及其依赖,城市对工业用地和商业用地的歧视性政策实质上鼓励了工业用地的滥用和城市地价的攀升等。要实现城镇化的健康发展,促进经济的顺利转型,必须改革城市土地供给和土地利用进程中的歧视性制度设计,建立城乡统一的土地市场,同时,创新城市产业用地制度,尽快消除工业用地和商业用地的差别,改变土地治理中的政府垄断、使农民能更加公平地享用工业化和城镇化的收益,提高土地利用的效率。
[Abstract]:The design of land system in the process of urbanization in China shows obvious tendency. The institutional arrangement of urban land and industrial land plays an important role in promoting and ensuring the accelerating development of industrialization and urbanization. However, as industrialization evolves and escalates, With the gradual transformation of economic service and the deep development of urbanization, the land use system of "urban tendency" and "industrialization tendency" has become more and more unsuitable for the objective requirements of economic transformation and new urbanization. Even the negative effects are increasingly prominent, such as: the difference between urban and rural areas compensated by land is artificially increasing the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the discriminatory system design of urban and rural land use fundamentally intensifies the land finance and dependence of local governments. The discriminatory policies on industrial land and commercial land encourage the abuse of industrial land and the rise of urban land price. In order to realize the healthy development of urbanization and promote the smooth transformation of economy, we must reform the discriminatory system design in the process of urban land supply and land use, establish a unified land market between urban and rural areas, at the same time, innovate the system of urban industrial land use. The difference between industrial land and commercial land should be eliminated as soon as possible and the government monopoly in land management should be changed so that farmers can enjoy the benefits of industrialization and urbanization more equitably and improve the efficiency of land use.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院;上海市政府;上海社会科学院城市与人口发展研究所;
【分类号】：F299.21;F301.1

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