我国农村基础设施建设融资问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 08:57

【摘要】：中国经济自改革开放以来飞速发展,取得了令世人瞩目的辉煌成就,无论是经济总量还是人均收入都有了很大程度的提高。进入21世纪,国内生产总值更是以连年超过10%的速度在持续增长,即便是在世界经济发生深刻转型的2013年,我国GDP仍比上年增长了7.7%,目前,中国已成为世界第二大经济体。国家经济快速发展,城市成为最直接的受益者。目前我国已有40余个城市进入到世界发达城市之列。然而,与城市的蓬勃发展相比,我国广大农村地区仍然发展缓慢,生产效率低下、农业产出小、地区之间经济发展不平衡。农村经济的发展的基石在于农村基础设施的建设,农村基础设施的建设,很大程度上取决于资金是否充足。因此,农村基础设施建设的融资问题,关系到基础设施建设能否顺利进行,进一步关系到农村经济的健康发展,十分重要。目前中国农村基础设施融资难,在于作为投资主体的政府资金供给不足,而由商业银行、民间资本、国外资本等组织构成的资金来源补充体发挥不到位。究其原因,中央财政资金的投向大部分向城市建设倾斜,而地方政府又因各地经济发展水平不同导致地区间农村基础设施投入的不平衡,商业银行为了追求利润、控制风险而严格把关信贷担保条件,民间资本又受投资能力和项目经验的限制难以发挥巨大作用,等等一系列的因素都阻碍了农村基础设施融入资金。本文通过分析农村基础设施的建设和融资现状,结合实证分析,从政策基础、融资体系、项目管控等几个方面,对改善农村基础设施融资状况提出了建议。本文分为五个部分。第一部分为绪论,主要介绍论文的研究背景及意义,国内外研究述评,研究方法和技术路线。第二部分介绍了相关理论基础与概念综述,以公共物品理论和项目融资理论作为理论基础,界定了农村基础设施的概念、特征与分类。第三部分引入了国际经验,总结归纳出美、日、韩等三国在农村基础设施融资方面的成功经验,希望对我国基础设施建设有所启示。第四部分是现状介绍和实证分析,对我国基础设施的建设现状和融资现状分别展开分析,并且利用计量经济学模型对各类基础设施投入与经济发展之间的关系做出测算。第五部分提出相关对策建议,从政策、融资体系、管控等方面提出适合于我国农村基础设施融资的建议。
[Abstract]:China's economy has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up, and has made remarkable achievements, both in terms of economic aggregate and per capita income. In the 21st century, the gross domestic product (GDP) continues to grow at a rate of more than 10%. Even in 2013, when the world economy is undergoing profound transformation, China's GDP has increased by 7.7% compared with the previous year. At present, China has become the second largest economy in the world. With the rapid economic development of the country, the city becomes the most direct beneficiary. At present, more than 40 cities in China have entered the list of developed cities in the world. However, compared with the vigorous development of cities, the vast rural areas of our country are still developing slowly, the production efficiency is low, the agricultural output is small, and the economic development between regions is not balanced. The cornerstone of rural economic development lies in the construction of rural infrastructure, which largely depends on the adequacy of funds. Therefore, the financing of rural infrastructure construction is of great importance to the smooth development of rural infrastructure construction and the healthy development of rural economy. At present, the difficulty of financing rural infrastructure in China lies in the insufficient supply of government funds as the main body of investment, but the supplement of capital sources composed of commercial banks, private capital, foreign capital and so on. The reason is that most of the central financial funds are directed towards urban construction, and the local governments, due to the different levels of economic development in various places, cause the imbalance of investment in rural infrastructure between regions. In order to pursue profits, commercial banks, A series of factors such as controlling risk and strictly controlling credit guarantee condition, private capital being restricted by investment ability and project experience are difficult to play a great role, and a series of factors have hindered rural infrastructure integration funds. By analyzing the present situation of rural infrastructure construction and financing, combining with empirical analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the financing situation of rural infrastructure from the aspects of policy basis, financing system, project management and control and so on. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background and significance, the domestic and foreign research review, the research method and the technical route. The second part introduces the related theoretical basis and concept review, with the public goods theory and project financing theory as the theoretical basis, defines the concept, characteristics and classification of rural infrastructure. The third part introduces the international experience and summarizes the successful experiences of America, Japan, Korea and other countries in rural infrastructure financing, hoping to enlighten our country's infrastructure construction. The fourth part is the introduction of the current situation and empirical analysis, the construction of infrastructure in China and the financing situation of the analysis, and the use of econometric model to measure the relationship between various types of infrastructure investment and economic development. The fifth part puts forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of policy, financing system, control and so on, which are suitable for the financing of rural infrastructure in China.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F283

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