东北严寒地区村镇微气候分析与评价

发布时间：2018-04-12 07:02

本文选题：东北严寒地区村镇 + 微气候　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国东北严寒地区村镇微气候评价研究仍处于空白阶段,国外现有的村镇微气候评价体系不符合我国的实际情况,而国内已颁布的微气候相关评价指标则主要针对的是城市地区,并不适用于村镇地区微气候的评价。而东北严寒地区村镇微气候环境的分析与评价是我国国家“十二五”重点课题——严寒地区村镇微气候适应性规划及环境优化技术中的一个不可或缺的重要环节,对于未来进一步实施规划和技术优化工作具有重要的理论和指导意义。文章通过对东北严寒地区气候特征及微气候影响要素的分析,充分地了解了东北严寒地区微气候的现状,并基于对东北严寒地区气候背景的了解,对村镇进行了全面而深入的实地走访调查,向近千户居民进行了主观的问卷调查,同时运用相关仪器对其室外微气候环境进行客观的数据测试,并对主客观评价数据进行整理和分析。结合对来微气候评价方法的总结与筛选,选择可用于我国东北严寒地区微气候进行评价的方法,并以东北严寒地区村镇调研数据为基础,将居民对当时室外环境的主观评价与客观的微气候物理环境测试数据建立起相关性,初步建立东北严寒地区村镇微气候评价体系。论文的创新工作主要体现在以下几方面:(1)通过对东北严寒地区微气候现状、微气候影响因子的分析和现阶段微气候评价模型及方法的整理,并结合东北严寒地区冬半年寒冷夏半年温热的特点,选定适用于东北严寒地区村镇微气候的评价模型:风效指数(K)、温湿指数(THI),并在此基础上将东北严寒地区全年微气候研究分为三个研究时段:夏季研究时段(6、7、8月份)、过渡季研究时段、冬季研究时段(12、1、2月份),其中过渡季研究时段又分为寒过渡季研究时段(3、11月份)和暖过渡季研究时段(4、5、9、10月份)。(2)运用统计学中的区间估计法,利用SPPS软件建立主客观评价关系,并得出适用于东北严寒地区的微气候评价组合模型及评价等级标准。评价范围:风效指数可有效地评价东北严寒地区1、2、3、11、12月份的微气候环境;温湿指数可有效地评价东北严寒地区4、5、6、7、8、9、10月份的微气候环境。
[Abstract]:At present, the research on the evaluation of village and town microclimate in the cold area of northeast China is still in the blank stage, and the existing evaluation system of village and town microclimate in foreign countries does not accord with the actual situation of our country.But the domestic microclimate related evaluation index is mainly aimed at the urban area and is not suitable for the evaluation of the microclimate in the village and town area.And the analysis and evaluation of the village and town microclimate environment in the cold area of northeast China is an indispensable and important link in the adaptability planning and environment optimization technology of the village and town microclimate in the "12th Five-Year Plan" of our country.It has important theoretical and guiding significance for the further implementation of planning and technical optimization in the future.Based on the analysis of the climatic characteristics and microclimate influencing factors in the northeast severe cold area, this paper fully understands the present situation of the microclimate in the northeast severe cold area, and based on the understanding of the climate background in the northeast severe cold area,A comprehensive and in-depth field survey of villages and towns was carried out, a subjective questionnaire survey was conducted to nearly 1,000 households, and an objective data test was carried out on the outdoor microclimate environment by using relevant instruments.And the subjective and objective evaluation data are collated and analyzed.Combined with the summary and selection of the microclimate evaluation methods, the method that can be used to evaluate the microclimate in the northeast cold region of China is selected, and based on the investigation data of villages and towns in the northeast severe cold area.The subjective evaluation of outdoor environment of residents was correlated with the objective microclimate physical environment test data, and the evaluation system of village and town microclimate in northeast cold area was preliminarily established.The innovative work of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1) through the analysis of the present situation of microclimate, the analysis of microclimate influence factors and the arrangement of microclimate evaluation models and methods in the cold area of Northeast China.And combined with the characteristics of cold winter half a year and half a year warm and hot in northeast China,The evaluation model of village and town microclimate suitable for severe cold area in northeast China was selected: wind efficiency index, temperature and humidity index, temperature and humidity index. On the basis of this, the annual microclimate study in northeast cold area was divided into three periods: summer study period, summer research time, and August.Transition season study period,The winter research season was divided into cold transition season research period and cold transition season research period in November) and warm transition season research period in October. The interval estimation method in statistics was used to establish subjective and objective evaluation relationship by using SPPS software.The combination model of microclimate evaluation and the evaluation grade standard are obtained.The range of evaluation: the wind efficiency index can effectively evaluate the microclimate environment in December in the northeast cold area, and the temperature and humidity index can effectively evaluate the microclimate environment in October in the cold area of northeast China.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU119

【参考文献】