采用摇摆桁架和BRB的钢框架结构地震失效模式优化与控制

发布时间：2018-04-22 02:33

  本文选题：地震失效模式 + 钢框架　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑结构抗震设计所希望的结构地震失效模式是完全梁铰式失效,由于各种不确定性的存在,在实际地震中,结构是否能发生完全梁铰式失效是无法预知的。以往的震害调查发现,结构容易发生层屈服或薄弱层诱发的倒塌失效。此时,结构仅有局部构件屈服,其余构件保持弹性,结构损伤不均匀,材料性能未得到完全发挥,结构耗能能力还很低,导致结构失效时延性和承载能力都较小。本文采用摇摆桁架和BRB来优化并控制钢框架结构的地震失效模式,以期使其能发生完全梁铰式失效,达到结构损伤均匀化、耗散地震能量最大化的目的,从而提高结构体系抵抗地震灾害的可恢复性。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)结构地震失效模式识别:对所设计的钢框架结构以及所提出的摇摆桁架—钢框架体系,采用静力推覆分析和增量动力分析方法,识别出了结构的主要地震失效模式,对其失效概率、失效路径以及损伤程度进行了细致的分析。(2)结构地震失效模式优化:提出了摇摆桁架—钢框架体系,对摇摆桁架的设计方法进行了探索与研究,给出了基于刚度比的设计建议。通过对比钢框架结构与摇摆桁架—钢框架体系的地震失效模式,评价了摇摆桁架在改善和优化钢框架结构地震失效模式方面的作用。(3)结构抗倒塌能力与地震损伤演化规律研究:分析了钢框架结构与摇摆桁架—钢框架体系的抗侧向倒塌能力,基于倒塌裕度比对其抗倒塌能力进行了评价,基于HAZUS中的四种破坏状态,对其地震损伤进行了对比分析。在上述分析基础上,对两种结构由弹性—屈服—弹塑性—倒塌的损伤演化过程进行了研究。(4)结构地震失效模式控制:考虑到地震中摇摆桁架—钢框架体系的摇摆界面处可能发生大变形的特点,提出了摇摆桁架-BRB-钢框架体系,以期增强结构体系的耗能能力,控制并减轻结构的地震损伤。基于大震作用下的时程分析,对BRB构件的耗能量、能量时程曲线以及累积位移延性进行了分析。同时,探索对比了摇摆桁架-钢框架体系与摇摆桁架-BRB-钢框架体系的地震失效路径和损伤程度,研究了摇摆桁架-BRB-钢框架体系地震失效模式控制的机理与过程。(5)结构抗震性能评价:对钢框架结构、摇摆桁架—钢框架体系、摇摆桁架-BRB-钢框架体系在小震、中震、大震作用下进行时程分析,基于峰值位移、峰值层间位移角、损伤集中系数、残余层位移、残余层间位移角、顶点位移等结构响应参数,评价了三种结构的抗震性能。通过本文研究发现:采用摇摆桁架和BRB能显著改善、优化和控制钢框架结构的地震失效模式,提高结构的抗震性能和抗倒塌能力。摇摆桁架体系作为一种新型摇摆结构,其功能可恢复性和灾害恢复力将明显高于传统抗震设计的结构。
[Abstract]:The desired structural failure mode for seismic design of building structures is the complete beam hinge failure. Due to the existence of various uncertainties, it is impossible to predict whether the complete beam hinge failure will occur in the actual earthquake. Previous seismic damage investigation found that the structure is prone to collapse and failure induced by the weak layer. At this time, only local members yield to the structure, the other members remain elastic, the damage of the structure is uneven, the material performance is not fully played, and the energy dissipation capacity of the structure is still very low, resulting in the failure delay and load capacity of the structure are smaller. In this paper, the rocking truss and BRB are used to optimize and control the seismic failure mode of steel frame structure, in order to make the complete beam hinge failure occur, the damage of the structure is homogenized and the seismic energy is maximized. In order to improve the resilience of structural system against earthquake disasters. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) earthquake failure pattern recognition: for the steel frame structure designed and the proposed rocking truss-steel frame system, the static force push-over analysis and incremental dynamic analysis are used. The main seismic failure modes of the structure are identified, and the failure probability, failure path and damage degree of the structure are analyzed in detail. 2) the seismic failure mode optimization of the structure is presented. A rocking truss-steel frame system is proposed. The design method of rocking truss is explored and studied, and the design suggestions based on stiffness ratio are given. By comparing the seismic failure modes of steel frame structure and rocking truss-steel frame system, The effects of rocking truss on improving and optimizing seismic failure modes of steel frame structures are evaluated. The research on the anti-collapse ability and the evolution of seismic damage of steel truss structures are studied. The lateral collapse resistance of steel frame structures and rocking truss-steel frame systems is analyzed. The ability to resist collapse is evaluated based on the ratio of collapse margin. Based on the four failure states in HAZUS, the seismic damage is compared and analyzed. On the basis of the above analysis, In this paper, the damage evolution process of two kinds of structures from elastic-yielding to elastic-plastic collapse is studied. The seismic failure mode control of two structures is studied. Considering the characteristics of large deformation at the rocking interface of rocking truss-steel frame system in earthquake, The rocking truss -BRB-steel frame system is proposed in order to enhance the energy dissipation capacity of the structure system and to control and reduce the seismic damage of the structure. Based on the time-history analysis under the action of large earthquakes, the energy consumption, energy history curve and cumulative displacement ductility of BRB members are analyzed. At the same time, the seismic failure path and damage degree of rocking truss-steel frame system and rocking truss -BRB-steel frame system are discussed and compared. In this paper, the mechanism and process of seismic failure mode control of rocking truss BRB-steel frame system are studied. The seismic behavior evaluation of steel frame structure, rocking truss-steel frame system, rocking truss-steel frame system and rocking truss -BRB-steel frame system is studied. Based on the structural response parameters such as peak displacement, peak interstory displacement angle, damage concentration factor, residual layer displacement, residual layer displacement angle, and vertex displacement, the seismic performance of three structures is evaluated. It is found that the seismic failure mode of steel frame structure can be optimized and controlled by using rocking truss and BRB, and the seismic performance and collapse resistance of steel frame structure can be improved. As a new type of rocking structure, the function recoverability and disaster resilience of rocking truss system will be obviously higher than that of traditional seismic design.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU391
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本文编号：1785236