BIM技术在大型公建项目管理中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 17:37

本文选题：BIM + 建筑业　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,为了改善人居环境,建筑行业正在蓬勃发展。随着建筑物的工程体量越来越大,施工难度也越来越高。特别是大型公建项目,各种超高、奇特、异型、超大的建筑物逐渐遍布世界各地,传统的二维设计及表达已无法将建筑物的各项复杂构件以及空间位置完整展现,施工过程中难免出现构件冲突、体量模糊、材料浪费、工序混乱等不可预估的失误,BIM技术的引入势在必行。在建筑业,计划职能一直是项目管理中的一个重要因素,现行的二维项目管理模式存在人为的信息割裂问题,不仅严重的影响到建造过程中的项目管理,还会影响后期建筑物的运营和维护。BIM技术的出现打破了现行二维项目管理方法和工具的局限,在建筑全生命周期内实现管理信息的统一,为项目各参与方横向和纵向交流提供了知识和信息的共享,进而提高管理效率降低风险,为项目管理者产生效益。本论文通过对BIM含义、其在工程上的特点和BIM应用在建筑行业现状的研究,分析了现行二维项目管理方法的局限性,提出基于BIM的三维工程项目管理模式,并通过实际工程的大型公建项目BIM实施案例,验证了BIM技术应用于大型公建项目管理的合理性,存在的问题和下一步研究的方向。论文研究成果为BIM技术在大型公建项目管理中的进一步推广与应用奠定基础,对于BIM技术在其他大型公建项目管理应用提供借鉴和参考,有一定的理论价值。论文主要包括以下内容：(1)分析BIM的含义及其在工程上的优势,探讨了BIM在建筑行业的定位和应用现状。(2)分析了BIM技术对大型公建项目现行管理体系的影响,找出现行项目管理体系存在的问题,并通过对BIM技术对大型公建项目利益相关方的影响分析,得出BIM对大型公建项目管理的价值。(3)研究了BIM技术在大型公建项目管理中质量、进度和成本三个目标的应用,肯定了BIM技术的优越性。(4)利用BIM技术建立中国人寿保险大厦项目的实例模型,对BIM技术在对BIM技术在大型公建项目管理中的具体应用进行分析,研究BIM技术在优化施工场地布置、三维可视化、图纸复核和碰撞检测、施工现场方案和设施模拟、工程量统计、综合管线布置等方面对项目质量、进度、成本和施工安全等的影响,肯定了BIM技术对大型公建项目管理的价值。本论文得出结论是：BIM技术在大型公建项目管理的应用,提高了工程质量,缩短了工期,节约了建筑成本,同时确保了施工的安全。为同类型大型公建项目利用BIM技术进行项目管理提供了思路和过程,具有一定的实践价值和现实意义,有利于BIM技术的进一步推广和应用。但是,利用BIM技术进行更加科学合理的项目管理,需要建立在多学科交叉的基础上,在计算机辅助设计、通信、BIM信息化建模技术、管理理论等多个领域,有待国内、外学者进行深入的研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to improve the living environment, the construction industry is booming. With the increasing volume of buildings, the construction is becoming more and more difficult. In particular, large public construction projects, a variety of ultra-high, strange, unusual, super-large buildings gradually spread around the world, the traditional two-dimensional design and expression can no longer be a complete display of the complex components and spatial location of the building. It is imperative to introduce BIM technology due to unpredictable errors such as component conflict, fuzzy body mass, waste of materials, confusion of working procedure and so on. In the construction industry, the planning function has been an important factor in the project management, the current two-dimensional project management model has the problem of artificial information fragmentation, not only seriously affect the construction process of project management. It will also affect the later building operation and maintenance. BIM technology breaks the limitations of the current two-dimensional project management methods and tools, and realizes the unity of management information in the whole life cycle of the building. It provides the sharing of knowledge and information for horizontal and vertical exchange among the participants of the project, and then improves the management efficiency and reduces the risk, thus producing benefits for the project managers. Based on the study of the meaning of BIM, its characteristics in engineering and the application of BIM in the construction industry, this paper analyzes the limitations of the current two-dimensional project management method, and puts forward a three-dimensional project management model based on BIM. The application of BIM technology in the management of large public construction project is verified by the practical case of large public construction project BIM, and the existing problems and the next research direction are verified. The research results of this paper lay a foundation for the further promotion and application of BIM technology in the management of large-scale public construction projects, and provide reference and reference for the application of BIM technology in other large-scale public construction projects, which has certain theoretical value. This paper mainly includes the following contents: 1) analyzing the meaning of BIM and its advantages in engineering, discussing the positioning and application of BIM in construction industry. (2) analyzing the influence of BIM technology on the current management system of large public construction projects. This paper finds out the problems existing in the current project management system, and through the analysis of the influence of BIM technology on the stakeholders of large-scale public construction project, draws the conclusion that the value of BIM to large-scale public construction project management. (3) the quality of BIM technology in large-scale public construction project management is studied. The application of the three objectives of schedule and cost, the superiority of BIM technology is confirmed. (4) using BIM technology to establish the example model of life insurance building project in China, and the concrete application of BIM technology in the management of large-scale public construction project is analyzed. This paper studies the quality and progress of BIM technology in the aspects of optimizing construction site layout, 3D visualization, drawing review and collision detection, construction site scheme and facility simulation, engineering quantity statistics, comprehensive pipeline layout, etc. The effect of cost and construction safety, etc., affirms the value of BIM technology in the management of large public construction project. The conclusion of this paper is that the application of the BIM technology in the management of large public construction project improves the quality of the project, shortens the construction period, saves the construction cost, and ensures the safety of the construction at the same time. It provides the idea and process for the same type of large-scale public construction project to use BIM technology to manage the project, which has certain practical value and practical significance, and is beneficial to the further popularization and application of BIM technology. However, more scientific and reasonable project management using BIM technology needs to be established on the basis of multi-disciplinary intersection, in many fields, such as computer aided design, communication information modeling technology, management theory and so on. Foreign scholars carry out in-depth research.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU17;TU71

【相似文献】