大型洁净电子厂房防火性能化设计研究
发布时间：2018-09-10 12:39
【摘要】：洁净厂房也叫无尘车间、洁净室(Clean Room)、无尘室,是指将一定空间范围内空气中的微粒子、有害气体、细菌等污染物排除,并将室内温度、洁净度、气流速度与气流分布控制在某一范围内,而所给予特别设计的房间。随着我国国民经济的发展,洁净厂房已广泛应用于电子、生物制药、精密仪器制造等领域。与常规建筑相比,洁净厂房具有单一空间面积大、空间设计复杂,净空高、造价高、有毒易燃化学品储量多等特点。同时,由于建筑的使用功能的要求,又使得其内部空间难以进行实体分隔,这就必然导致这类建筑的防火设计往往难以满足现行防火规范的要求,存在诸多防火设计问题。如何更好的对其进行防火设计、防止危险化学品扩散及指导人员安全疏散,不仅成为学术探讨的课题也是亟待解决的现实问题。本文根据性能化防火设计方法,以某大型洁净电子厂房为研究对象,通过懫取设置防火分隔、安全疏散走道,危险化学品置于特气柜等综合措施,对其进行防火性能化设计,以降低其火灾危险性,提氋消防安全性能。为验证该性能化设计的效果,本文将危险化学品根据其输送状态分开讨论,分别论证供液柜和特气柜储存的可靠性,并选取具有代表性的化学品进行爆炸冲击波超压计算,根据结果提出合理的布局及储量建议。针对人员疏散,采用FDS软件建立假定火灾场景,对其火灾发展过程进行计算机数值模拟,研究火灾情况下的安全疏散走道的烟气流动状态等参数,得出人员可用疏散时间;同时通过懫用Path Finder软件对人员疏散进行模拟,得出人员必需疏散时间。比较火灾场景、疏散场景计算出的人员可用疏散时间和人员必需疏散时间。结果表明:建筑内人员能够安全疏散到室外安全区域,但模拟过程中发现部分疏散楼梯未得到充分利用,建议加强人员疏散引导,提高疏散楼梯利用率,进而提高人员疏散速度。综上,通过分析论证和计算机模拟,证明了该厂房内危险化学品储量及使用方式满足安全要求,并对如何有效地降低化学品泄漏的破坏性及提高人员疏散效率提出了相关建议及措施。
[Abstract]:Clean workshop also known as dust-free workshop, clean room (Clean Room), clean room, refers to a certain space range of air particles, harmful gases, bacteria and other pollutants, and indoor temperature, cleanliness, A room in which the velocity and distribution of air flow are controlled within a certain range and are specially designed. With the development of China's national economy, clean plant has been widely used in electronics, biopharmaceutical, precision instrument manufacturing and other fields. Compared with the conventional buildings, the clean building has the characteristics of large single space area, complex space design, high clearance, high cost, and more toxic and flammable chemicals. At the same time, because of the requirement of building function, it is difficult to separate the interior space, which inevitably leads to the fire protection design of this kind of building is often difficult to meet the requirements of the current fire code, there are a lot of fire protection design problems. How to better fire prevention design, prevent the spread of dangerous chemicals and guide the safety of personnel evacuation, not only become a topic of academic discussion but also a practical problem to be solved. In this paper, according to the design method of performance-based fire prevention, a large clean electronic workshop is taken as the research object, and the fire proof performance design is carried out through the comprehensive measures such as setting fire prevention separation, safe evacuation walkway, placing dangerous chemicals in special gas tank and so on. In order to reduce its fire risk, improve the fire safety performance. In order to verify the effect of the performance-based design, the dangerous chemicals are discussed separately according to their transport state, and the reliability of storage of the liquid supply tank and the special gas tank are demonstrated, and the representative chemicals are selected to calculate the explosion shock wave overpressure. According to the results, the reasonable layout and reserve suggestions are put forward. Aiming at the evacuation of people, a hypothetical fire scene is established by using FDS software, and the numerical simulation of the fire development process is carried out, and the parameters such as the flue gas flow state of the safe evacuation walkway under the fire condition are studied, and the available evacuation time of the personnel is obtained. At the same time, the Path Finder software is used to simulate the evacuation, and the necessary evacuation time is obtained. Compared with the fire scene, the evacuation time and the necessary evacuation time are calculated. The results show that the occupants in the building can be safely evacuated to the outdoor safe area, but in the simulation process, it is found that some evacuation staircases are not fully utilized. It is suggested to strengthen the evacuation guidance and improve the utilization ratio of the evacuation stairs. And then improve the speed of evacuation. In summary, through analysis and demonstration and computer simulation, it is proved that the storage and use of dangerous chemicals in the plant can meet the safety requirements. Some suggestions and measures on how to effectively reduce chemical leakage and improve evacuation efficiency are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU998.1
本文编号：2234470
[Abstract]:Clean workshop also known as dust-free workshop, clean room (Clean Room), clean room, refers to a certain space range of air particles, harmful gases, bacteria and other pollutants, and indoor temperature, cleanliness, A room in which the velocity and distribution of air flow are controlled within a certain range and are specially designed. With the development of China's national economy, clean plant has been widely used in electronics, biopharmaceutical, precision instrument manufacturing and other fields. Compared with the conventional buildings, the clean building has the characteristics of large single space area, complex space design, high clearance, high cost, and more toxic and flammable chemicals. At the same time, because of the requirement of building function, it is difficult to separate the interior space, which inevitably leads to the fire protection design of this kind of building is often difficult to meet the requirements of the current fire code, there are a lot of fire protection design problems. How to better fire prevention design, prevent the spread of dangerous chemicals and guide the safety of personnel evacuation, not only become a topic of academic discussion but also a practical problem to be solved. In this paper, according to the design method of performance-based fire prevention, a large clean electronic workshop is taken as the research object, and the fire proof performance design is carried out through the comprehensive measures such as setting fire prevention separation, safe evacuation walkway, placing dangerous chemicals in special gas tank and so on. In order to reduce its fire risk, improve the fire safety performance. In order to verify the effect of the performance-based design, the dangerous chemicals are discussed separately according to their transport state, and the reliability of storage of the liquid supply tank and the special gas tank are demonstrated, and the representative chemicals are selected to calculate the explosion shock wave overpressure. According to the results, the reasonable layout and reserve suggestions are put forward. Aiming at the evacuation of people, a hypothetical fire scene is established by using FDS software, and the numerical simulation of the fire development process is carried out, and the parameters such as the flue gas flow state of the safe evacuation walkway under the fire condition are studied, and the available evacuation time of the personnel is obtained. At the same time, the Path Finder software is used to simulate the evacuation, and the necessary evacuation time is obtained. Compared with the fire scene, the evacuation time and the necessary evacuation time are calculated. The results show that the occupants in the building can be safely evacuated to the outdoor safe area, but in the simulation process, it is found that some evacuation staircases are not fully utilized. It is suggested to strengthen the evacuation guidance and improve the utilization ratio of the evacuation stairs. And then improve the speed of evacuation. In summary, through analysis and demonstration and computer simulation, it is proved that the storage and use of dangerous chemicals in the plant can meet the safety requirements. Some suggestions and measures on how to effectively reduce chemical leakage and improve evacuation efficiency are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU998.1
【引证文献】
相关会议论文 前1条
1 李骥;;国家标准《特种气体系统工程技术规范》GB 50646-2011[A];2013年年会暨工业气体供应技术论坛论文集（上海）[C];2014年
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