新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体的基本力学性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 10:51

【摘要】：我国是一个能耗大国,建筑能耗占全社会总能耗的三分之一左右,因此开展建筑节能、研究绿色环保建筑材料具有十分重大的意义。烧结页岩多孔墙体材料是具有节能、节地、节材等优势的绿色环保建筑材料,但目前研究的烧结墙体材料均是竖孔类墙体材料,传统的竖孔空心墙体材料砌筑时易出现砂浆掉落孔洞的情况,产生影响节能效果、浪费砂浆、强度无法得到充分利用等问题,因此本文提出了一种9排横孔烧结页岩自保温多孔砌块(简称新型烧结页岩自保温砌块)解决竖孔砌块存在的问题,新型烧结页岩自保温砌块与传统的竖孔砌块在结构上存在很大差异,现行砌体规范中的计算理论和设计方法均不能直接应用于新型烧结页岩自保温砌块墙体,本文对该砌块砌体的基本力学性能及其砌筑墙体的热工性能进行了试验和理论研究:本文通过对2组(共12个)轴心抗压试件的试验研究,掌握新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体受压时的变形特征和破坏机理,根据试验结果提出此类砌块的抗压强度平均值的建议计算表达式,根据试验数据中应力-应变关系图,归纳分析提出新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体对数型的应力-应变计算表达式,并提出该砌体弹性模量的计算表达式。本文通过ANSYS有限元模拟软件模拟分析新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体试件在轴心压力作用下的受力性能,建立足尺寸的有限元分析模型,确定有限元分析中材料的各项参数,通过适当的假定,计算分析得到的砌体应力分布图、变形图、砌体受压强度,并与试验结果相比较,表明使用ANSYS有限元分析软件可以较好地模拟新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体试件受压情况。进一步分析得到,砌体强度随砌块横肋宽度的增加而增大,随孔砌块洞排数的增加而减小。本文通过2组(共18个)抗剪试件的试验研究,分析了新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体受剪时的破坏特征和破坏机理,试验结果表明新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体的抗剪强度平均值是按规范计算烧结多孔砖砌体抗剪强度平均值的1.6倍,新型烧结页岩自保温砌块上下两个凹槽处砂浆在破坏面发生完全剪切破坏,通过计算发现凹槽处砂浆的抗剪切力不能忽略,本文提出了新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体的抗剪强度平均值计算表达式。本文建立了新型烧结页岩自保温砌块墙体热工计算的模型,并对墙体的传热系数和热惰性指标进行了理论计算,对墙体的传热系数进行了试验测定,结果表明:与湖南省现行建筑节能标准相比,该墙体达到节能50%标准的要求,无需做墙体内外保温处理。通过本文的研究,掌握了新型烧结页岩自保温砌块砌体的基本力学性能及其墙体的热工性能,为其后续的研究和相关规范的制定提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:Our country is a big energy consuming country, building energy consumption accounts for about 1/3 of the total energy consumption of the whole society. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop building energy saving and study green environmental protection building materials. Sintered shale porous wall materials are green and environmentally friendly building materials with the advantages of energy saving, land saving and material saving, but the sintered wall materials studied at present are vertical pore wall materials. When the traditional vertical hole hollow wall material is built, it is easy to appear the situation of mortar falling holes, which will affect the energy saving effect, waste the mortar, and the strength can not be fully utilized, and so on. Therefore, a new type of 9 row sintered shale self-insulating porous block with horizontal hole (referred to as new type sintered shale self-insulating block) is proposed to solve the problem of vertical pore block. The new type of sintered shale self-insulating block is very different from the traditional vertical hole block in structure. The calculation theory and design method in the current masonry code can not be directly applied to the new type of sintered shale self-insulating block wall. In this paper, the basic mechanical properties of the block masonry and the thermal properties of the masonry wall are studied experimentally and theoretically. The deformation characteristics and failure mechanism of a new type of sintered shale self-insulating block masonry under compression are grasped. According to the test results, the suggested formula for calculating the average compressive strength of this kind of block is proposed, and according to the stress-strain relation diagram in the test data, The stress-strain calculation expression of logarithmic type of sintered shale self-insulating block masonry is presented and the formula of elastic modulus of the masonry is presented. In this paper, ANSYS finite element simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the mechanical behavior of the new type of sintered shale self-insulating block masonry under axial pressure. The finite element analysis model with sufficient size is established, and the parameters of the material in the finite element analysis are determined. The stress distribution, deformation and compressive strength of masonry are calculated and analyzed by proper assumptions, and the results are compared with the experimental results. It is shown that the compression of new type sintered shale self-insulating block masonry can be well simulated by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. Further analysis shows that the masonry strength increases with the increase of the width of the transverse rib of the block and decreases with the increase of the number of holes in the block. In this paper, the failure characteristics and failure mechanism of a new type of sintered shale self-insulating block masonry under shear are analyzed through the experimental study of two groups (18 groups) of shear specimens. The experimental results show that the average shear strength of the new sintered shale self-insulating block masonry is 1.6 times that of the average shear strength of sintered porous brick masonry calculated according to the specifications. The new type of sintered shale self-insulating block mortar at the top and bottom of two grooves has a complete shear failure on the failure surface. It is found by calculation that the shear resistance of the mortar at the groove can not be ignored. This paper presents an expression for the average shear strength of a new type of sintered shale self-insulating block masonry. In this paper, a new type of thermal calculation model of sintered shale self-insulating block wall is established, and the heat transfer coefficient and thermal inertia index of the wall are calculated theoretically, and the heat transfer coefficient of the wall is measured experimentally. The results show that compared with the current building energy saving standard of Hunan province, the wall can achieve the requirement of 50% energy saving, and it is not necessary to do the heat preservation treatment inside and outside the wall. Through the research in this paper, the basic mechanical properties of the new type sintered shale self-insulating block masonry and the thermal properties of the wall are mastered, which provides a theoretical basis for its subsequent research and the formulation of relevant specifications.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU522.3

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