新型城镇化中农民市民化困境及其对策探究

发布时间：2017-12-31 08:02

本文关键词：新型城镇化中农民市民化困境及其对策探究　出处：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会的工作报告七次提到“城镇化”,国务院总理李克强也在2012年指出,“城镇化是中国现代化进程中一个基本问题,是一个大战略、大问题”。可见,城镇化已是大趋势。在城镇化的进程中,农民既是权利主体,也是市场主体,农民市民化的有效促进能够推动城镇化进程,本文即以此为出发点,探究农民市民化过程中面临的困境及其成因,以期提出对策和制度建议。本文的主要内容安排如下：绪论部分。本部分主要是阐明选题的目的和意义,对当前国内外关于城镇化及农民市民化相关的研究文献进行梳理,阐明本文的研究意义,并对本文的研究方法、研究思路做出概括说明。第一部分：我国农民市民化的概况及其与城镇化的互动关系。本部分分为三节。第一节阐释了农民市民化的重要构成要件,包括其对象、相关法律制度及基础设施建设等；第二节介绍了我国农民市民化的现状,具体表现有速度快,就业水平低下,缺少社会保障,且出现半市民化的现象；第三节探究了我国市民化与城镇化之间的互动关系,二者彼此促进,相辅相成。第二部分：农民市民化面临的障碍。本部分论述了市民化过程中需要面对的困难,比如农民思想观念的滞后,就业不理想且收入较低,居住环境差,社会的偏见等,这些都导致农民进入城市后无法得到应有的权利保护,也很难获得心理认同,对市民化的推进形成了障碍。第三部分：农民市民化存在障碍的重要成因。本部分分为三节,是本文论述的重点之一。第一节从制度层面着眼,论述了阻碍市民化关键性的几个制度,包括土地制度、户籍制度、社会保障制度、就业制度。第二节从思想层面进行了探究,市民化之所以进展缓慢,其中重要的影响因素就是农民难以转变传统思想,权利意识较低；第三节是会社会大环境的剖析,论述了社会各界对市民化的认识不够,对农民存有偏见,而农民也无法较好适应城市的人际交往方式。第四部分：推进农民市民化的对策建议。本部分是本文的又一个重点,具体的对策建议均是考量了阻碍市民化的原因之后进行的对症下药,主要对策有完善土地、户籍以及社会保障制度,增强农民的思想认识,引导他们学习职业技能,提高自身素质,除此之外,还应优化农民进城后的就业环境,消除大众对农民的偏见,使农民真正融入城市生活,成为真正的城市主体。本文以我国的城镇化进程为切入点,主要论述农民市民化的内涵,探寻市民化过程中存在的问题及其成因,希冀为农民市民化的顺利推进提供制度建议,但因能力所限,很多论述仅停留在理论分析阶段,在对城镇化中农民市民化的影响因素讨论还有待进一步深入,提出的建议未进行充分的可行性分析。
[Abstract]:"urbanization" was mentioned seven times in the report on the work of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council also pointed out on 2012 that "urbanization is a fundamental problem in the process of China's modernization." In the process of urbanization, farmers are not only the subject of rights, but also the main body of the market. The effective promotion of the urbanization of farmers can promote the process of urbanization. Based on this, this paper probes into the dilemma and its causes in the process of farmers' urbanization, in order to put forward countermeasures and institutional suggestions. The main contents of this paper are as follows: The introduction part. This part is mainly to clarify the purpose and significance of the topic, the current domestic and foreign research on urbanization and farmers citizenship related literature to comb, clarify the significance of this study. And the research method of this paper, research ideas to make a general explanation. This part is divided into three sections. The first section explains the important elements of farmers' urbanization, including its object. Related legal system and infrastructure construction; The second section introduces the present situation of farmers' urbanization in our country, which has the characteristics of fast speed, low employment level, lack of social security, and the phenomenon of semi-urbanization. The third section explores the interactive relationship between urbanization and urbanization in China, the two promote each other and complement each other. The second part: the obstacles faced by farmers in the process of citizenship. This part discusses the difficulties that need to be faced in the process of urbanization, such as the lagging of farmers' ideas, poor employment and low income, poor living environment. Because of the prejudice of society, the peasants can not get the protection of their rights after entering the city, and it is difficult to obtain the psychological identity, which is an obstacle to the advancement of the city. This part is divided into three sections, which is one of the key points of this paper. The first section discusses several key systems that hinder the urbanization from the system level. Including the land system, the household registration system, the social security system, the employment system. One of the important factors is that farmers are difficult to change their traditional ideas, and their awareness of rights is low. The third section is the analysis of the general environment of the society, which discusses that the social circles do not have enough understanding of the city and have prejudice against the farmers, and the farmers are unable to adapt to the way of interpersonal communication in the city. Part 4th: countermeasures and suggestions to promote the urbanization of farmers. This part is another focus of this paper, the specific countermeasures and suggestions are to consider the reasons for the obstruction of urbanization after the right remedy. The main countermeasures are to improve the land, household registration and social security system, enhance farmers' ideological understanding, guide them to learn vocational skills, improve their own quality, in addition, we should also optimize the employment environment of farmers after entering the city. Eliminate the prejudice of the masses to farmers, so that farmers truly integrate into urban life, become the real city subject. Based on the process of urbanization in our country, this paper mainly discusses the connotation of the urbanization of farmers, explores the problems and causes in the process of urbanization, and hopes to provide system suggestions for the smooth advancement of the urbanization of farmers. However, due to the limitation of capacity, many discussions only stay in the stage of theoretical analysis, and the discussion on the influencing factors of the urbanization of farmers' citizenship still needs to be further deepened, and the suggestions made are not fully feasible analysis.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.21;D922.14;F323.6

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