时间依赖下考虑碳排放的动态车辆路径优化模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 17:12

本文选题：碳排放　切入点：车辆路径问题　出处：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,伴随而来的是自然环境的破坏,已经严重威胁到人们的生活质量,可以预见未来一段时间社会将对环境问题给予高度的关注。从企业的角度来看,或者是出于企业社会责任,或者是出于外部政策的压力(如强制碳政策的实施等),低碳运作将是必经之路。交通运输是重要的碳排放来源之一,而车辆路径是交通运输问题中最基本的问题。本文以车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem,VRP)为研究对象,将考虑拥堵的车辆行驶速度、时间依赖的道路网络、货物的配送路径等问题。本文的主要研究内容包括以下几方面：(1)通过对车辆路径、低碳物流运作与时变VRP等文献的系统回顾,对目前考虑碳排放的车辆路径问题的已有研究进行了梳理和归纳,分析了已有研究存在的问题及不足,提出了时间依赖下考虑碳排放的动态车辆路径问题,具有很强的现实意义。(2)研究了车辆行驶过程中基于行驶速度的旅行时间和碳排放量的度量,首先根据速度的变化属性,对其进行分阶段的分解,进而根据车辆的始发时间和速度的分解状况,给出了一般情况下的速度-旅行时间、速度-碳排放量的转化函数,并构建了旅行时间模型和碳排放量模型。根据碳排放模型,分析了速度属性对碳排放量的影响,并给出了碳排放的边界。(3)构建了时间依赖下考虑碳排放的动态多目标的模型,综合考虑车辆数量成本、旅行距离成本、旅行时间成本和碳排放量成本,将基于时间窗的客户满意度函数的量化约束纳入到模型的构建中,并对该模型进行了深入的理论分析,为管理者的决策方案提供了理论依据。(4)通过测试算例验证了本文模型的有效性,并通过灵敏度分析发现,不可改变的客户点的位置分布对模型的结果的影响并不明显,拥堵状况对模型结果的影响最为显著,可见,对于考虑碳排放的动态VRP的研究是非常必要的。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the destruction of natural environment has seriously threatened people's quality of life. It can be predicted that the society will pay close attention to environmental problems for some time in the future. Either because of corporate social responsibility, or because of external policy pressures, such as enforcement of mandatory carbon policies, low-carbon operations will be the only way. Transport is one of the important sources of carbon emissions. Vehicle routing is the most basic problem in traffic and transportation problems. This paper takes vehicle Routing problem (VRP) as the research object, and will consider the congested vehicle speed and time-dependent road network. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects: 1) A systematic review of the literature on vehicle routing, low-carbon logistics operation and time-varying VRP, etc. In this paper, the existing research on the vehicle routing problem considering carbon emissions is summarized, the existing problems and shortcomings are analyzed, and the dynamic vehicle routing problem considering carbon emissions under time dependence is proposed. This paper studies the measurement of travel time and carbon emission based on speed in the course of vehicle driving. Firstly, according to the changing attribute of speed, it is decomposed in stages. Then, according to the decomposition of the starting time and the speed of the vehicle, the transformation function of the speed travel time, the velocity and the carbon emission is given, and the travel time model and the carbon emission model are constructed. In this paper, the effect of velocity attribute on carbon emission is analyzed, and the boundary of carbon emission is given. The dynamic multi-objective model of considering carbon emission under time dependence is constructed. The cost of vehicle quantity and travel distance is considered synthetically. Travel time cost and carbon emission cost, the quantitative constraints of customer satisfaction function based on time window are brought into the construction of the model, and the theoretical analysis of the model is carried out. The validity of the model is verified by a test example, and the sensitivity analysis shows that the location distribution of the immutable customer points has no obvious effect on the results of the model. Congestion has the most significant effect on the model results. Therefore, it is necessary to study dynamic VRP considering carbon emissions.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X322;F259.22

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