绿色技术溢出与中国城市群经济发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 15:25

本文选题：绿色技术　切入点：技术溢出　出处：《北京理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加快,城市群已经成为我国区域经济发展和竞争的主要模式。根据我国的未来城镇化发展思路,城市群将成为我国“十二五”时期城镇化的主要空间载体,是我国经济持续快速发展的关键驱动力。自工业革命以来,传统的经济发展模式消耗了大量的煤炭、石油和天然气等化石高碳能源,同时排放了大量的CO2等温室气体,导致全球气候变暖并引发气候变化问题,逐渐威胁到现代人类的生存和发展。随之绿色技术引领的绿色经济增长成为各国关注的焦点,绿色技术的创新和扩散成为解决全球气候变化和能源危机双重挑战的重要途径,对绿色技术扩散和溢出的研究越来越受到关注。我国对于绿色技术扩散和溢出研究始于20世纪90年代,随着环保理念的深入和环保措施的加大,绿色技术也逐渐发展成熟起来。但与发达国家相比,中国的绿色技术存量低,区域间绿色技术存量存在着较大差异,需要国内学者研究和分析绿色技术溢出对中国区域尤其是城市群经济发展的作用,探讨如何通过绿色技术知识溢出来实现经济发展。本论文研究有三个意义：一是有利于我国加强绿色技术创新,促进科技进步和经济发展；二是有利于我国加强绿色技术研究力度,丰富绿色技术溢出研究成果；三是有利于促进我国城市群绿色经济发展,着力推动城市群协调可持续发展。本文以城市群为主要研究对象,运用内生增长理论与系统论分析方法,分析了中国典型城市群的绿色技术溢出事实,构建了中国城市群绿色技术溢出的影响因素指标体系,通过对国家和城市群绿色技术溢出的经济增长门槛效应实证研究,提出了发展国家和城市群绿色经济的政策建议,得到了以下结论：第一,以绿色技术类论文数量进行测度,描述了中国省级区域和城市群区域有关绿色技术溢出的空间分布和技术特征,揭示了中国城市群绿色技术溢出的规律。以城市群为单位计算,中国十大城市群的绿色技术溢出都呈增长趋势,其中京津冀、长三角两个城市群的绿色技术溢出量远超其他城市群,海峡西岸与关中城市群的增长幅度相对较小,绿色技术创新动力明显不足。第二,通过对中国绿色技术溢出的经济性检验和研究,揭示了绿色技术创新对经济增长的作用显著为负,区域性绿色技术溢出缺乏经济吸引力。以绿色技术类论文数量为代理变量,通过对绿色技术创新与经济增长的关系研究,得到绿色技术创新与经济增长存在区域差异,绿色技术溢出多出现在经济发达地区和发展较成熟的城市群,城市群中心城市的绿色技术创新对经济增长存在明显的“U”型关系,周边城市的“U”型关系不明显。第三,构建了中国的绿色技术扩散模型,推导出向绿色技术转型的条件,提出促进绿色技术溢出,可以通过提高排污费率与工资率的比值或者绿色技术存量与一般技术存量比值来实现。产出增长率除了与排污费率与工资率的比值有关,还与时间有关。研究指出,如果在绿色技术存量比较低的时候政府强制企业采纳绿色技术,产出增长率会下降。基于大多数节省成本的技术具有污染的现实,随着节省成本的技术被采纳,污染将会逐渐增加。由于发达国家的采纳条件更低,中国节省成本的技术采纳比较晚,污染排放与发达国家相比有所减低。第四,剖析了绿色技术溢出影响因素之间的层次结构,建立了绿色技术溢出影响因素的指标体系,构建出符合我国实际的绿色技术溢出的经济增长门槛模型。根据中国面板经济数据进行了国家层面绿色技术溢出的经济增长门槛效应分析,对京津冀、长三角、珠三角和山东半岛等4个城市群进行了门槛检验和效应分析,分别测算出该城市群的人均GDP和第三产业比例对绿色技术溢出的门槛值,为该城市群的绿色经济提供了发展方向和实现途径。第五,分析了美国、英国、日本等发达国家关于绿色经济发展的先进经验,如绿色信贷政策、加强绿色技术创新、培养公众低碳意识等。提出中国要加强统筹协调,增加政府投资,发挥主导作用,树立公众绿色消费意识等建议。针对中国城市群的绿色经济发展,提出要优化城市群产业结构,提高城市群能源效率,加强城市群科技力量,增强城市群统筹力度,加大城市群环保宣传,建立区域经济协调机制和推行节约消费理念等政策性建议。
[Abstract]:Along with the city to accelerate the process of city agglomeration has become the main mode of China's regional economic development and competition. According to our country's future development ideas of urbanization, city group will become China's "12th Five-Year" period of the urbanization of the main space carrier, is a key driver of China's sustained and rapid economic development since the industrial revolution. Since the traditional model of economic development consumes a lot of coal, oil and natural gas and other fossil energy high carbon emissions at the same time, a large number of CO2 and other greenhouse gases that cause global warming and lead to the problem of climate change, gradually threaten the survival and development of modern human beings. With green technology to lead the green economic growth has become the focus of the countries concerned, green technology innovation and diffusion has become an important way to solve the global energy crisis and climate change challenges, the green technology diffusion and spillover research and More attention. China's green technology diffusion and spillover research began in 1990s, with the increasing deepening of the concept of environmental protection and environmental protection measures, green technology has gradually matured. But compared with developed countries, the stock of Chinese green technology is low, there is a big difference between regions of green technology stock, domestic scholars need research and analysis green technology spillover especially the economic development of the city group of China region, discusses how to achieve economic development through the overflow of green technology knowledge. Three the significance of this study is beneficial to our country to strengthen the green technology innovation, promote technological progress and economic development; two is conducive to China's efforts to strengthen the green technology research the rich, green technology spillover research results; three is conducive to the promotion of China's green city group economic development, efforts to promote the harmonious and sustainable city group This paper takes the city group development. As the main research object, using the endogenous growth theory and the system theory analysis method, analyzes the technology spillover China typical city green group that constructs the index system of influencing factors of China city group green technology spillover, through the research on the state and the empirical threshold effect of city group of green technology spillover economic growth, put forward the development of policy recommendations and national city group of the green economy, obtained the following conclusions: first, to measure the number of green technology papers, described China provincial and city group regional spatial distribution and technical feature green technology spillover, reveals the Chinese city group green technology spillover. The rule of calculation the city group as a unit, the green technology spillover ten city Chinese group increased, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei, green technology spillover two Yangtze River Delta city group Than any other city, on the west side of the Straits and Guanzhong City group the growth rate is relatively small, the power of green technology innovation is obviously insufficient. Second, through economic inspection and Research on China green technology spillover, reveals the green technology innovation's effect on economic growth is significantly negative, regional economic attraction. Lack of green technology spillover to the number of green technology papers as the proxy variable, based on the study of the relationship between green technology innovation and economic growth, the green technological innovation and economic growth and regional differences exist, green technology spillover in economically developed areas and the development of more mature city group, green technology innovation center City Group on the economic growth has obvious "U relationship, the surrounding city of" U "type of relationship is not obvious. Third, construct green technology diffusion model Chinese, transition to the green technology is derived The condition, put forward to promote green technology spillover, can be realized through improving the emission rate and the ratio of wage rates or green technology stock and general stock ratio. The rate of output growth rate and the ratio of the sewage in addition to the wage rate, but also related to the time. The study pointed out that if the stock is relatively low in green technology mandatory government enterprise adoption of green technology, output growth rate will decline. Most of the cost saving technology is based on the reality of pollution, with cost saving technology is adopted, pollution will increase gradually. The developed countries adopt the conditions of lower Chinese cost saving technology adoption late, pollution emissions were decreased compared with the developed countries. Fourth, analysis the hierarchical structure between the influencing factors of the green technology spillover, establishes the index system of the influencing factors of green technology spillover, construct conforms to our country Economic growth threshold model of green technology spillover. According to the actual economic Chinese panel data analysis of economic growth threshold effect of national level green technology spillover, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Shandong peninsula city group of 4 was the threshold test and effect analysis, respectively to calculate the threshold of the city's per capita group GDP and the proportion of the third industry of green technology spillover values, and provides a way for the realization of the direction of development of city group of green economy. Fifth, analysis of the United States, Britain, Japan and other developed countries advanced experience on green economic development, such as green credit policy, strengthen the green technology innovation, cultivate the public awareness of low-carbon China. Put forward to strengthen co-ordination, increase government investment to play the leading role, establish public awareness of green consumption and so on. According to the China city group proposed to green economic development. We should optimize the industrial structure of the urban agglomerations, improve the energy efficiency of the urban agglomerations, strengthen the technological strength of the urban agglomerations, enhance the overall planning of the urban agglomerations, increase the environmental publicity of the urban agglomerations, establish the regional economic coordination mechanism and implement the policy of saving consumption.

【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.23;F124.3

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