辽宁省城市土地利用效率评价及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-21 04:35

本文选题：城市土地利用效率 + 影响因素　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：“有土斯有民”。土地是人类安身之根、立命之本，是人类生存与发展不可或缺的空间条件和资源条件。城市土地是城市经济社会文化发展的基石。土地资源具有稀缺性，，随着振兴东北老工业基地步伐的加快，城市的空间扩展及产业布局调整将会使对土地的需求量进一步加大。截至2005年辽宁省城镇化率达到58.7%，远高于全国同期城镇化平均水平。然而随着我国城市化进程的加快，耕地保护与城市化发展所需的土地投入之间的矛盾日益突出。同时，我国现阶段的城市土地利用效率较低，闲置浪费问题突出。缓解城市化过程中的用地矛盾，使土地利用方式及经济增长方式实现从粗放型到集约型的根本性转变，必须集约和节约利用城市存量土地、提高利用效率，最终达到土地资源保护、生态环境友好及经济可持续增长间的动态平衡。本文在进行大量理论研究和实证研究的基础上，以研究目的为出发点，阐述相关概念及理论基础。客观分析辽宁省区域概况及土地利用现状，从城市土地规模结构及产出效益两方面揭示辽宁省城市土地利用特征，并找出城市土地利用中存在的问题。基于2003-2011年辽宁省14个城市的面板数据，运用超效率DEA模型及Malmquist指数模型，从土地投入、劳动力投入及资本投入三方面选择投入指标，从土地利用所实现的经济效益、社会效益及生态效益三方面选择产出指标，以静态和动态两个角度评价城市土地利用效率的时序变化与空间差异。选取城镇化率、第三产业比重、人均GDP、人口密度、地均固定资产投资和城市用地规模6个变量作为城市土地利用效率影响因素，以理论视角定性论述变量与效率的作用关系。建立Tobit回归模型，以超效率得分为被解释变量实证验证假设，据此提出相关政策建议。主要研究结论如下：（1）2003-2011年间，辽宁省城市土地利用整体有效，效率均值为1.26且各年份的效率均值均大于1，基本实现了土地的集约高效利用；但在各年间的利用效率波动变化。14个省辖市间的城市土地利用效率差异较为明显，其中，抚顺市和营口市的效率均值小于1，属于DEA无效，其余12个城市均达到DEA有效。超效率值达到均值以上的6个城市均为实现工业规模效益的城市或享受国家优惠政策的城市。（2）2003-2011年间，辽宁省的平均规模效率及纯技术效率保持相对平稳，故技术效率保持不变，技术进步均值上升1.3%，辽宁省14个城市的平均全要素土地利用效率Malmquist指数为1.013，呈年均1.3%的增长态势，增幅较缓。辽宁省各市的全要素城市土地利用效率存有较大差异。辽宁省城市土地利用动态效率的增长完全由技术进步推动的，而不是技术效率提升带来的。（3）运用Tobit进行影响因素回归，发现城镇化率、第三产业比重、人均GDP、人口密度及城市用地规模对城市土地利用效率影响显著；而地均固定资产投资对辽宁省城市土地利用效率的影响不显著。
[Abstract]:"There are the people of Tusi". Land is the root of human being and the root of human life. It is an indispensable space condition and resource condition for human survival and development. The urban land is the cornerstone of the development of the urban economy, society and culture. The land resources are scarce. With the rapid development of the old industrial base in the northeast, the expansion of the city and the layout of the industry The adjustment will further increase the demand for land. As of 2005, the urbanization rate of Liaoning province reached 58.7%, far higher than the national average level of urbanization in the same period. However, with the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the contradiction between cultivated land protection and urban development is increasingly prominent. At the same time, the urban soil in China is at the present stage. The problem of land use efficiency is low, and the problem of idle waste is outstanding. To alleviate the land use contradiction in the process of urbanization and make the land use mode and economic growth mode realize the fundamental change from extensive to intensive, it is necessary to intensify and economize the use of urban stock land, improve the utilization efficiency, and finally achieve the protection of land resources, ecological environment friendly and classics. The dynamic balance between economic and sustainable growth.
On the basis of a large number of theoretical research and empirical research, this paper sets out the relevant concepts and theoretical basis on the basis of research purposes. It objectively analyzes the general situation of Liaoning province and the status of land use, and reveals the land use characteristics of Liaoning city and city from two aspects of urban land scale structure and output benefit, and finds out the urban land use. Based on the panel data of 14 cities in Liaoning Province in 2003-2011 years, using the super efficient DEA model and the Malmquist index model, we choose the input indicators from three aspects of land input, labor input and capital input, and choose the output indicators from three aspects of the economic, social and ecological benefits achieved by land use. And dynamic two angles to evaluate the temporal change and spatial difference of urban land use efficiency, and select the urbanization rate, the proportion of the third industry, the per capita GDP, the population density, the fixed assets investment and the urban land scale as the influencing factors of the urban land use efficiency, and discuss the relationship between the variable and the efficiency qualitatively by the theoretical perspective. The Tobit regression model was established, and the hypothesis of super efficiency score was used to verify the hypothesis. The main conclusions were as follows:
(1) in 2003-2011 years, the urban land use in Liaoning was effective, the average efficiency was 1.26 and the average efficiency of each year was more than 1, which basically realized the intensive and efficient use of land. However, the difference of the efficiency of urban land use between the.14 provinces in each year was more obvious, among them, Fushun and Yingkou. The average efficiency of less than 1, which belongs to the DEA is invalid, the remaining 12 city reached DEA. The super efficiency value reached 6 above the mean of all city industrial economies of scale in the city or to enjoy the preferential policies of the state of the city.
(2) in the 2003-2011 years, the average scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency of Liaoning remained relatively stable, so the technical efficiency remained unchanged, the average technological progress increased by 1.3%, and the average total factor land use efficiency Malmquist index of 14 cities in Liaoning province was 1.013, and the increase was slower. The total factor cities of all cities in Liaoning province were more slowly. The efficiency of land use in Liaoning province. There are great differences in city land use dynamic efficiency growth by technological progress, instead of technical efficiency improvement brings.
(3) using Tobit regression, found that the urbanization rate, the proportion of the third industry, per capita GDP, population density and city land scale of city land use efficiency significantly; but not significantly affect the land use efficiency of fixed assets investment in Liaoning Province, city land.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23

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