社会交换视角下劳工社会组织的资源获取机制研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 17:22

【摘要】：劳工社会组织作为外来务工人员与国家、市场、社会关系的中介与桥梁，肩负着挖掘社会资源、实施帮扶救助、实现社会和谐的重大责任。其能够代表部分处于二级劳动力市场的外来务工人员，能够弥补政府对外来务工人员缺乏基本公共服务的缺陷，弥补企业对外来务工人员缺乏基本权益保障的缺陷。然而，随着社会组织与政府的主从附属关系和与企业的买卖关系日益暴露，社会组织的公益性和非营利性遭到质疑。因此，社会组织既要协调与政府、企业的交换关系，更要积极主动的在公民社会领域中探索动员社会资源的流程与机制。本文采用个案研究方法，从社会交换视角出发，以社会吸引和共享价值观为理论框架，选取劳工社会组织中的G机构作为研究对象，以参与式观察法和访谈法为主，从2012年8月到2012年12月深度参与了该机构的打工子弟学校项目。从而分析G机构获取资源过程中的社会交换关系是什么，以及交换的流程和机制，，重点剖析了在公民社会领域中，劳工社会组织与志愿者（个人志愿者、团体志愿者、社会精英人士）、大众媒体、其他社会组织之间的资源交换机制。劳工社会组织的交换对象分为两类，一类是所服务的对象（外来务工人员），另一类是为劳工社会组织供给人力、财力、物力的资源提供者（政府、企业、社会）。其中，社会领域中包括，志愿者（个人志愿者、高校志愿者、社会精英人士）、大众媒体和其他社会组织。劳工社会组织与外来务工人员之间的交换流程依次是从满足精神文化需求、物质生活需求、身份认同需求等三个方面实现社会吸引的。其交换机制是以共享价值观为出发点，通过满足外来务工人员不同层次的需求，使工友的角色发生转变，最终实现互惠共赢的交换模式。劳工社会组织与资源提供者的交换流程是经过对公益事项的感知程度实现初步吸引，再到对组织的感知程度实现可持续吸引的过程。其交换机制是以共享价值观为出发点，通过提高资源提供者对公益事项的感知程度和对机构信誉的认同度，使资源提供者产生更大范围的共享价值观，最终实现可持续的资源获取。
[Abstract]:As an intermediary and bridge between migrant workers and countries, markets and social relations, labor social organizations shoulder the great responsibility of excavating social resources, carrying out assistance and assistance, and realizing social harmony. It can represent part of the migrant workers in the secondary labor market, can make up for the government's lack of basic public services for migrant workers, and make up for the lack of protection of the basic rights and interests of migrant workers in enterprises. However, with the increasing exposure of the relationship between social organizations and government, as well as with enterprises, the commonweal and non-profit nature of social organizations has been questioned. Therefore, social organizations should not only coordinate the exchange relations with government and enterprises, but also actively explore the process and mechanism of mobilizing social resources in the field of civil society. This paper adopts the case study method, from the perspective of social exchange, takes the social attraction and shared values as the theoretical framework, selects the G organization in the labor social organization as the research object, mainly takes the participatory observation method and the interview method as the main research objects. From August 2012 to December 2012, he was deeply involved in the school program for working children. In order to analyze the social exchange relationship in the process of obtaining resources, and the process and mechanism of the exchange, the paper focuses on the analysis of social labor organizations and volunteers (individual volunteers, group volunteers) in the field of civil society. Social elite), mass media, other social organizations between the exchange of resources mechanism. The exchange objects of the labor social organization can be divided into two categories, one is the object of service (migrant workers), the other is the resource provider (government, enterprise, society) who supplies labor social organization with manpower, financial and material resources. Among them, the social field includes volunteers (individual volunteers, university volunteers, social elites), mass media and other social organizations. The exchange process between labor social organizations and migrant workers is to realize social attraction from three aspects: satisfying spiritual and cultural needs, material life needs and identity needs. The exchange mechanism is based on shared values, through meeting the needs of migrant workers at different levels, to change the role of workers, and finally to achieve a win-win exchange mode. The exchange process between the labor social organization and the resource provider is the process of realizing the initial attraction to the perceived degree of public welfare and then to the sustainable attraction of the perceived degree of the organization. The exchange mechanism is based on the shared values, through increasing the awareness of the public goods and the recognition of the credibility of the organization, the resource providers can produce a wider range of shared values. Finally, sustainable access to resources is achieved.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.9;F249.21

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