资源型城市生态效率及其影响因素的实证分析

发布时间：2018-12-19 20:05

【摘要】：资源型城市是依赖资源而发展起来的城市,在改革开放的过程中,资源型城市为国家和地区的经济建设提供了丰富的物质资源。然而,长期的粗放式发展,使得如今的大部分资源型城市面临着自然资源短缺、经济增长放缓、环境污染严重等问题。在这种情况下,对资源型城市可持续发展课题的研究就很有必要,而生态效率则是衡量可持续发展程度的有效指标之一。因此,本文通过生态效率指标来测度样本资源型城市的可持续发展水平,并进一步建立实证模型研究影响生态效率的相关因素。首先,本文对国内外学者关于资源型城市生态效率的研究进行了综述,把握了该领域的研究层次和深度,并进一步就我国资源型城市的生态效率问题进行了理论分析,描述了资源型城市目前的基本状况和面临的问题。其次,利用《中国环境年鉴》环境重点监测城市中的16个地级资源型城市2006—2011年的相关数据,借助因子分析法,测算出样本资源型城市的资源效率、环境效率以及生态效率,以生态效率反映可持续发展状况,并对资源型城市的可持续发展水平进行了排序和分析。发现不管是生态效率、资源效率还是环境效率,同一资源型城市在连续年份中的相对排名是比较稳定的,但资源效率和环境效率的排名关联度并不是很大,有必要对其进行单独研究。另外,根据生态效率的评价结果可知,大部分资源型城市的经济模式正在逐步向循环经济靠拢。最后,建立面板数据模型,实证检验资源型城市资源效率、环境效率以及生态效率的影响因素。分别以经济发展水平、产业结构、科技进步、出口依存度、环境规制力度、城市类型、城市区位、城市规模等因素为解释变量,以资源型城市的生态效率、资源效率、环境效率为被解释变量,共建立9个面板数据模型进行实证分析。实证结果显示,经济发展水平、出口依存度对资源型城市可持续发展的影响显著,经济发展水平对生态效率有一个正向的促进作用,而出口依存度对生态效率则有一个负向的影响。产业结构、科技进步、环境规制力度等因素对资源型城市可持续发展的影响与预期存在较大差异,本文对这种差异的产生给出了具体分析。另外,作为虚拟变量的城市区位、城市规模对资源型城市可持续发展也有着显著影响。在实证分析的基础上,结合相关文献资料,文中进一步分析了产生上述结果的原因,并有针对性地提出了一系列对策建议。
[Abstract]:Resource-based city is a developed city which depends on resources. In the process of reform and opening up, resource-based city provides abundant material resources for the economic construction of the country and region. However, due to the extensive development, most of the resource-based cities are facing the problems of shortage of natural resources, slow economic growth, serious environmental pollution and so on. In this case, it is necessary to study the sustainable development of resource-based cities, and ecological efficiency is one of the effective indicators to measure the degree of sustainable development. Therefore, this paper measures the sustainable development level of sample resource-based cities through ecological efficiency indicators, and further establishes an empirical model to study the relevant factors affecting ecological efficiency. First of all, this paper summarizes the research on ecological efficiency of resource-based cities at home and abroad, grasps the research level and depth in this field, and further analyzes the ecological efficiency of resource-based cities in China. This paper describes the basic situation and problems of resource-based cities. Secondly, using the relevant data of 16 prefecture-level resource-based cities from 2006 to 2011, the paper calculates the resource efficiency, environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency of the sample resource-based cities with the help of factor analysis. Ecological efficiency is used to reflect the situation of sustainable development, and the sustainable development level of resource-based cities is sorted and analyzed. It is found that the relative ranking of the same resource-based cities in successive years is relatively stable, no matter whether it is ecological efficiency, resource efficiency or environmental efficiency, but the rank correlation between resource efficiency and environmental efficiency is not very large. It is necessary to study it separately. In addition, according to the evaluation results of ecological efficiency, the economic model of most resource-based cities is gradually moving towards circular economy. Finally, the panel data model is established to test the influencing factors of resource efficiency, environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency in resource-based cities. Taking the economic development level, the industrial structure, the scientific and technological progress, the degree of export dependence, the environmental regulation, the type of the city, the location and the scale of the city as the explanatory variables, the ecological efficiency and the resource efficiency of the resource-based city are taken as the explanatory variables, respectively. Nine panel data models were established to analyze the environmental efficiency. The empirical results show that the level of economic development and the degree of export dependence have a significant impact on the sustainable development of resource-based cities, and the level of economic development has a positive effect on ecological efficiency. Export dependence has a negative effect on ecological efficiency. The influence and expectation of industrial structure, scientific and technological progress and environmental regulation on the sustainable development of resource-based cities are quite different. This paper gives a concrete analysis on the emergence of this difference. In addition, as a virtual variable, urban size has a significant impact on the sustainable development of resource-based cities. On the basis of empirical analysis and combined with relevant literature, this paper further analyzes the reasons for the above results, and puts forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.2

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