中小企业技术创新模式选择模型研究

发布时间：2019-03-04 19:40

【摘要】：创新是企业发展的动力,是企业赖以生存与发展的基础。企业中最富有活力的中小企业已然成为我国经济发展和社会进步的重要推动力。在全球化开放性背景的新形势下,我国中小企业面临严峻的挑战。金融危机的硝烟还未散去,中小企业只有进行创新,才能维持自身企业的可持续发展,才能在激烈的市场之中有一席之地。大量研究表明,企业制定正确的技术创新模式与战略,与企业的技术创新效益有着直接的关系。另外,国外学者研究发现,实施技术创新战略的企业,与没有实施技术创新战略的企业相比,其创新产品的研发、生产及销售利润方面明显较有优势。中小企业能否选择并制定正确的技术创新模式及战略是决定企业成败的关键。创新是企业发展的动力源,没有创新,企业最终将会被市场淘汰,走向衰退甚至是灭亡。本研究从中小企业当前的技术创新的优势及劣势出发,结合相关的国内外研究以及实证分析研究,构建出新的经济形势下中小企业技术创新模式的选择模型,来指导中小企业决策者制定合理的技术创新战略,以提高企业竞争力,获取竞争优势。首先对技术创新模式的相关理论进行了综述。分析国内外技术创新的研究现状,界定中小企业及技术创新的概念及内涵特征,归纳总结国内学者对中小企业技术创新模式的最普遍的分类,即按技术来源划分为三种基本的技术创新模式：自主研发创新、引进模仿创新、合作技术创新,并综述技术创新的影响因素及研究方法体系,为下文中小企业技术创新模式选择模型的构建提供理论基础。随后以相关理论研究为基础,选取中小企业技术创新模式的影响因素,并通过企业深度访谈及调查问卷的方式获取相关评价指标的影响程度。调查结果发现当前中小企业大多数以合作创新或模仿创新为主,以自主创新为主的企业占少数。通过SPSS分析验证之前指标选取的合理性,随后构建中小企业技术创新模式的评价指标体系。采用层次分析法对指标进行量化,结合专家调查法确定各指标的权重,运用TOPSIS法对模型进行求解,通过相关计算得出适宜中小企业技术创新模式选择的最优方案。之后,本文选取具有代表性的中小企业对模型进行应用,得出适宜该企业技术创新模式的最优选择,符合企业实际情况,案例结果验证了本研究的实用性,体现了本文中小企业技术创新模式选择模型的实用价值。最后对本文的研究做了总结归纳,结合前文分析,对中小企业技术创新的开展提出了微观及宏观上的建议,并提出本文的创新点,找出本文研究的不足,为后续研究提供指导方向。本文的创新点主要有两处：一是从当下的全球化开放式背景出发,紧紧围绕中小企业技术创新的特点,探讨中国的中小企业如何选择自身的技术创新模式；二是鉴于之前的研究大多数都是基于博弈论或AHP层次分析法,而本文采用层次分析与TOPSIS法结合的方式,将两种方法的优点结合起来,构建的模型具有很强的实用性,通俗易懂,为中小企业家提供一套有效的模式评价模型和标准,便于指导中小企业家作出合理的技术创新战略决策。另外,本文根据大量文献阅读与实地调研访谈进行指标选取和验证,使评价指标更具科学性及可操作性。
[Abstract]:Innovation is the motive force of enterprise development, and is the foundation of the survival and development of the enterprise. The most dynamic and medium-sized and medium-sized enterprises in the enterprise have become an important driving force for economic development and social progress in our country. In the new situation of the open background of globalization, the small and medium-sized enterprises of our country face the severe challenge. The smoke of the financial crisis has not yet been dispersed, and the small and medium-sized enterprises can only carry out innovation to maintain the sustainable development of their own enterprises in order to have a place in the fierce market. A large number of studies have shown that the enterprise has developed the right technology innovation model and strategy, and has a direct effect on the technological innovation benefit of the enterprise In addition, foreign scholars have found that the enterprises implementing the technology innovation strategy are obviously superior in R & D, production and sales profit of the innovative products compared with those in which the technology innovation strategy is not implemented Potential. The ability of small and medium-sized enterprises to select and develop the right technology innovation model and strategy is to determine the success or failure of the enterprise Key. Innovation is the power source of enterprise development, no innovation, the enterprise will eventually be eliminated by the market, the trend to the recession is even out The study is based on the advantages and disadvantages of the current technological innovation of the small and medium-sized enterprises, and based on the relevant domestic and foreign research and the empirical analysis, the paper constructs a new model of the technological innovation of the small and medium-sized enterprises under the new economic situation. Type, to guide the decision-makers of small and medium-sized enterprises to formulate a reasonable strategy of technology innovation, so as to improve the competitiveness of the enterprises and obtain the competitive advantage Potential. First of all, the relevant theory of the model of technological innovation This paper reviews the present situation of technological innovation at home and abroad, defines the concept and connotation of small and medium-sized enterprises and technological innovation, and sums up the most common classification of the technological innovation model of small and medium-sized enterprises by domestic scholars. The innovation, introduction of imitation innovation and cooperative technological innovation are introduced, and the influence factors of technological innovation and the research method system are summarized, and the construction of the model for the technological innovation model of the small and medium-sized enterprises is provided. On the basis of the relevant theoretical research, the paper selects the influence factors of the technology innovation model of the small and medium-sized enterprises, and obtains the relevant evaluation indexes through the way of the enterprise depth interview and the questionnaire. The results show that the majority of the small and medium-sized enterprises are mainly engaged in innovation or imitative innovation, and they are based on independent innovation. The enterprise accounts for a few. The rationality of the index selection is analyzed by the SPSS analysis, and then the evaluation of the technology innovation model of the small and medium-sized enterprises is established. The index system is used to quantize the index by the analytic hierarchy process, and the weight of each index is determined by the expert survey method. The model is solved by TOPSIS method, and the selection of the technology innovation model of the small and medium-sized enterprises is obtained through the relevant calculation. After that, a representative small and medium-sized enterprise is selected to apply to the model, and the optimal choice of the enterprise's technological innovation model is obtained, which is in line with the actual situation of the enterprise and the case result is verified. The utility of this study is the choice of the technology innovation model of the medium and small-sized enterprises in this paper. At last, the paper sums up the research in this paper, combines the above analysis, puts forward the micro and macro suggestions on the development of the technological innovation of the small and medium-sized enterprises, and puts forward the innovation points of this paper to find out the shortcomings of this paper. The innovation points in this paper are two main points: one is from the current open background of globalization, to focus on the characteristics of the technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and to explore how the small and medium-sized enterprises in China In view of the fact that most of the previous studies are based on the game theory or the analytic hierarchy process of AHP, this paper combines the advantages of the two methods with the combination of the analytic hierarchy and the TOPSIS method. Strong practicability, easy to understand, provide a set of effective model evaluation models and standards for small and medium-sized enterprises, and facilitate the development of small and medium-sized enterprises Reasonable technological innovation strategic decision-making. In addition, this paper makes an index selection and verification based on a large number of literature reading and field investigation and interview, so as to make the evaluation finge
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.3;F273.1;F224

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