财务重述与内部控制指数相关性研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 15:03

本文关键词：财务重述与内部控制指数相关性研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：财务重述是一种事后补救活动,它是在企业察觉前期财务报告出现错误后,对之前披露的报告进行的更正和补充。这类行为说明,财务重述公司之前公布的财务报告未能以完整及真实的方式向报告使用者传递公司的信息。当然这类活动既可以是管理当局故意的行为,也可以是无心的行为。从全球的角度来看,上市公司财务重述行为无论是从规模上还是数量上都呈现出与日俱增、愈演愈烈之势,财务报告的错报和漏报已经严重影响了会计信息的披露质量,并产生了信息不对称加剧、股价下跌、资本成本提高及投资者信心丧失等一系列严重的经济后果。同时,财务重述现象也日益受到了众多学者的关注和研究。针对财务重述的防治问题,监督管理机构已经实施了一系列的举措,却仍然没有达到预期的效果。若追本溯源,就会发现对财务重述的影响因素未能给予应有的重视,导致治理措施缺乏针对性,是致使重述现象与日俱增的主要原因。国内外众多的研究成果表明,内部控制的失效是导致财务重述发生的一个重要根源。随着COSO内部控制框架和美国萨班斯法案的出台,世界各国的监管部门也相继出台了一系列关于内部控制的政策法规。结合我国上市公司的具体情况,五部委联合颁布内部控制基本规范及其配套指引,这意味着因地制宜的内部控制建设体制正逐渐走向成熟。本文引入内部控制指数这一非财务指标,定量地评价内部控制对财务重述的影响,拓宽了财务重述与内部控制指数相关性探索的定量探索领域。首先,将国内国外有关内部控制指数、财务重述及内部控制与财务重述相关性的学术著作进行系统地梳理和概括,发现关于内部控制与财务重述相关性的文献多集中于研究内部控制缺陷和财务重述之间的关系。其次,基于内部控制理论和委托代理理论,对内部控制五要素与财务重述之间的关系进行了深入地探讨,并提出本文的六个假设。再次,使用SPSS软件进行实证分析。本文的样本来源于我国2012-2014这三年间出现财务重述现象的所有A股上市公司,选择巨潮资讯关键字搜索法收集重述公司样本,并结合迪博内部控制信息披露指数库进行删减,同时按照1:1原则选取非财务重述公司作为配对样本。实证检验所用的回归模型为二元Logistic模型,选取财务重述为被解释变量,选取迪博内部控制信息披露指数库中的一个内部控制总指数和五个内部控制分指数作为解释变量,以审计意见、资产负债率及净资产收益率作为控制变量,利用SPSS进行实证分析。分析结果表明:企业的迪博内控指数得分越高,财务重述现象出现的几率就越低,与本文的假设一致。同时将迪博内部控制目标指数与财务重述进行二元Logistic回归,回归结果表明内部控制指数与财务重述的实证分析结果是稳健的。最后,结合本文的实证回归结果,有针对性的提出防治财务重述的相关政策及建议,即:巩固内部控制建设、完善企业的信息与沟通机制及降低企业的资产负债率。并指出论文研究过程中的不足及改进方向。
[Abstract]:The financial restatement is a remedial activity, it is detected early in the enterprise financial report after the error occurs, the disclosure of the report before correction and supplement. This kind of behavior, before the financial restatement announcement of financial reports to users to report failed to pass the company to complete and authentic way. Of course, this kind of information activities can be the management of intentional behavior, can also be a careless behavior. From a global perspective, the financial restatement behavior of listed companies from both grow with each passing day size or quantity are showing a growing trend, and financial reporting misstatements and omissions have seriously affected the quality of accounting information, and the increased information asymmetry, stock prices fell, the cost of capital and improve investor confidence and a series of serious economic consequences. At the same time, the phenomenon of financial restatements is increasingly the Many scholars and research. Aiming at the problem of prevention of financial restatements, regulatory agencies have implemented a series of measures, but still did not achieve the desired effect. If we will pay due attention to the financialrestatements impact factors control measures failed to lead to the lack of pertinence, is the main reason causing restatements grow with each passing day at home and abroad. Many researches show that the failure of internal control is an important factor leading to the occurrence of financial restatements. With the COSO internal control framework and the Sarbanes act, the regulatory authorities of various countries around the world have also introduced a series of policies and regulations on internal control. Combined with the specific situation of China's listed companies, five ministries jointly promulgated the basic norms of internal control and supporting guidelines, which means that the construction of internal control system to gradually go To mature. This paper introduces the internal control index of the non-financial indicators, impact on the financial restatement of the quantitative evaluation of internal control, to broaden the financial restatements and quantitative index to explore the relationship between the internal control research field. Firstly, the domestic and foreign relevant internal control index, financial restatement and internal control and financial restatement related academic works system to sort and summarize, found the relationship about the relationship between internal control and financial restatement literature focused more on the study of the defects of internal control and financial restatements. Secondly, the theory and the principal-agent theory of internal control based on the relationship between the five elements of internal control and financial restatements are discussed, and puts forward the six hypotheses thirdly, empirical analysis is done using SPSS software. The samples from 2012-2014 in China during the three years of the emergence of the phenomenon of financial restatements There are A shares of listed companies, choose the cninfo keyword search method to collect the restatement of the company sample, and combined with the tiandihengyi internal control information disclosure index database for exclusion, and in accordance with the principle of selecting non 1:1 financial restatement companies as paired samples. The regression model used empirical test for two yuan Logistic model, select the financial restatement as explanatory variables, information a disclosure index library of internal control and internal control index five index as the explanatory variables of internal control tiandihengyi selection, to audit opinion, asset liability ratio and net assets income rate as control variables, the empirical analysis by SPSS. Analysis results show that the enterprise internal control index tiandihengyi scores higher probability of financial restatement of the lower, consistent with the hypothesis of this paper. At the same time the target index and financial restatement for two yuan Logistic internal control tiandihengyi regression, regression. The results show that the internal control index and empirical analysis of the financial restatement results are robust. Finally, this paper combines the empirical regression results, according to the relevant policy of prevention of financial restatements and suggestions, namely: strengthen the construction of internal control, and improve the information communication mechanism and reduce the company's assets and liabilities of the enterprise. And pointed out that the deficiency of the study and the direction of improvement.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F275;F832.51

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