考虑消费者低碳偏好的供应链碳减排策略研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 20:20

本文关键词： 低碳偏好碳减排随机需求碳交易模型供应链协调　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在世界经济全球化的趋势下,面对日益严重的全球气候变暖问题,降低碳排放强度、发展低碳经济已经成为世界各国接受的通识做法。近年来,随着国家产业结构的调整和优化,我国节能减排面临日益严峻的压力。同时,我国碳排放权交易的快速发展,以及节能技术、固碳技术等多种低碳技术的逐渐成熟,企业进行减排变得更加切实可行。从企业自身的角度来看,制造企业进行减排不仅是展示良好的社会责任感和企业形象,更密切关系其生产决策、竞争能力和利润。另外,消费者对于环境问题日益关注,影响低碳产品的市场需求,进而影响企业的生产决策。故将消费者低碳偏好因素和减排决策引入到传统的供应链协调问题,在理论研究和实际应用中都具有重要意义。本文主要研究消费者低碳偏好对供应链上企业的决策影响,分析不同减排方式的减排效果,以及对不同需求条件下的供应链制定了相应的协调策略。首先构建确定性需求下的二级供应链,通过将消费者低碳偏好系数和制造商单位减排量引入传统的需求函数中,研究消费者低碳偏好对产品批发价、减排量以及制造商利润的影响。重点分析了制造商不减排、自愿减排、碳交易以及碳税等情境下,不同减排方式的减排效果差异以及产品批发价、制造商利润的变化。在随机需求的供应链模型中,研究了制造商不减排和碳交易减排两种模式,分析了经销商最优订货量变化、制造商和经销商利润的变化以及减排的社会效益。首先,通过构建确定性需求的模型,研究结果显示消费者低碳偏好能促进制造商进行减排,而低碳技术的成本上升会导致单位减排量降低。在单位减排量的最优解存在的条件下,消费者低碳偏好提高,制造商的单位减排量均增加;碳交易价格一定程度地增加,制造商的单位减排量会提升,而碳税的税率升高,制造商的单位减排量是缓慢降低。当碳交易价格和碳税的税率分别低于相应的临界值时,碳交易和碳税模式下制造商的单位减排量均大于自愿减排模式。其次,随着消费者低碳偏好的升高,通过自愿减排、碳交易和碳税等减排模式,制造商的利润均有所增加。在消费者低碳偏好水平较低时,自愿减排的制造商利润最高,碳税次之,碳交易模式制造商的利润最低。随着消费者低碳偏好水平的升高,三种模式制造商的利润均在逐步增加,碳交易模式下制造商的利润增长最为明显,其次是碳税,自愿减排的制造商利润增长最缓慢。同时,碳交易价格的升高,制造商的利润是先降低后增加;碳税的税率升高,制造商的利润是逐渐降低的。再次,对随机需求的模型分析得到,制造商减排能促进经销商订货量的提升。当碳交易价格低于某一临界值,单位减排量小于减排阈值,制造商在碳交易模式下进行减排时,制造商、经销商的利润均比不减排模式有所提高,即可以实现帕累托改进。另外,只有当低碳技术的成本系数在一定范围内,制造商进行减排供应链的总体碳排放量才能降低。本文运用Mathematica8.0分析平台进一步进行数值分析,对模型中的相关结论进行验证。此外,运用Shapley值法和收益共享合同对确定性需求和随机需求的供应链模型制定了协调策略。
[Abstract]:In the trend of world economic globalization, facing the increasingly serious problem of global warming, reducing carbon emission intensity, the development of low-carbon economy has become the world accepted general practice. In recent years, with the adjustment and optimization of the national industrial structure, energy conservation and emission reduction in China is facing increasingly severe pressure. At the same time, the rapid development of our China's carbon emissions trading, and energy-saving technology, a variety of solid carbon technology of low carbon technology gradually mature, enterprises become more feasible. To reduce emissions from their own perspective, manufacturing enterprises emission reduction is not only showing good sense of social responsibility and corporate image, more closely related to the production decision, competition ability and profit. In addition, consumers are increasingly concerned about the environment, low carbon products in the market demand, thereby affecting the company's production decision. It will be the consumer preference factors and low carbon emission reduction will Supply chain coordination strategy is introduced to the traditional problem, is of great significance in both theoretical research and practical application. This paper mainly studies the consumer preference for low carbon enterprises on the supply chain decision analysis, different way of reducing emissions reductions, as well as the different needs under the condition of supply chain coordination strategy formulated accordingly. Firstly two level supply chain under deterministic demand, the consumer demand function of low carbon preference coefficient and unit emission reductions into traditional manufacturers, consumers of low carbon preference on the wholesale price of products, and the effects of emission reduction manufacturers profit. Focus on the analysis of the manufacturer is not reduction, voluntary emissions, carbon trading and carbon tax under the situation of different way of reducing emissions reduction effect and wholesale price, the profit of the manufacturer. Changes in the supply chain model with stochastic demand, the manufacturer does not reduce Carbon trading and emission reduction of two modes, analyzes the change of distributor optimal order quantity, change of manufacturers and distributors of the profit and reduction of social benefits. First of all, through the construction of deterministic demand model, the results show that consumer preferences can promote the low carbon emission reduction manufacturers, and low carbon technologies will lead to rising cost reductions reduced. The solvability conditions in the optimal unit of emission reductions, consumers of low carbon emission reduction units to improve the preference, manufacturers increased; carbon trading price increases to a certain extent, the manufacturer's unit emission reduction will increase, while the carbon tax rate increases, manufacturers unit reductions are slowly reduced. When the price of carbon and carbon tax rates were lower than the corresponding critical value, the manufacturer's unit reduction of carbon emissions trading and carbon tax mode is greater than the voluntary emission reduction mode. Secondly, consumers with low carbon offset Good rise, through voluntary emission reduction, carbon trading and carbon tax reduction mode, the manufacturer's profits have increased. Low carbon preference in the consumer level is low, the voluntary emission reduction manufacturers profit is highest, the carbon tax, carbon trading mode manufacturers profit lowest. With the increase of low carbon preference level of the consumer. Three modes of manufacturer's profits are gradually increasing, profit growth of manufacturer's carbon trading mode is most obvious, followed by the carbon tax, voluntary manufacturers profit growth most slowly. At the same time, increase the price of carbon, the manufacturer's profit is first decreased and then increased; the carbon tax rate increases, the manufacturer's profit is decreased. Again, on the stochastic demand model analysis, the manufacturer can promote the reduction of dealer orders to enhance the amount of carbon trading. When the price is lower than a critical value, the unit emission reduction emission reduction is less than the threshold, the manufacturer The emission reduction in carbon trading mode, manufacturers, dealers are not profit reduction mode is improved, which can realize the Pareto improvement. In addition, only when the cost of low carbon technology coefficient in a certain range, the overall carbon emissions to reduce supply chain manufacturers reduced. This paper uses Mathematica8.0 analysis platform for further numerical analysis, to verify the conclusions of the model. In addition, the use of Shapley value method and the revenue sharing contract of supply chain model of deterministic demand and stochastic demand, develop a coordinated strategy.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X24;F832.5

【相似文献】