施工企业投标生产要素价格确定及最优报价策略

发布时间：2018-10-16 10:03

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展，建筑业已经成为我国的支柱产业之一，在国民经济生活中扮演着重要的角色，工程项目管理也逐渐被施工企业广泛关注。工程价格对施工企业的收入和支出有很大的影响，因而作为项目管理的一部分，工程价格管理就显得越发重要。如何提高施工企业的价格管理水平已成为热门话题，探寻适合市场条件下的工程价格有助于提升施工企业的整体管理水平和国际竞争力，有利于施工企业的长期发展。本文以施工企业的工程投标价格为切入点，主要研究在招投标阶段，施工企业生产要素价格合理确定的问题。文章仅仅针对生产要素价格，在既有的评标办法下，对如何使投标价格达到最优进行了探讨。 1）总结了国外发达国家在计价方面的研究现状，并阐述了国内的研究成果，通过对比分析，找出在价格管理方面我国同国外的差距以及目前尚存在的问题。 2）阐述了工程价格的组成，确定了工程成本的内容；作为工程成本的主要组成部分，人工、材料和机械三大生产要素的价格是主要研究对象，通过分析，提出了确定生产要素投标单价的方法，并给出了计算公式。 3）对生产要素市场询价进行了总结；报价应包含一定的风险费，分析探讨了风险在计算上存在的一些问题，对风险费的处理提出了合理的建议，改进了风险的计算，给出了一种预测风险率的简便方法。 4）在综合评标法下，需要对生产要素的市场价格进行调整，才能作为最终的投标价格，通过分析各地区的评标办法，，确定了最优报价的理论基础，并对施工企业如何确定最优报价进行了实证分析。通过以上论述，从确定生产要素的来源一直到确定生产要素最优投标价格这一全过程进行了分析，为我国施工企业的价格管理提供了支持和建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the construction industry has become one of the pillar industries in our country, which plays an important role in the national economic life. The project price has a great influence on the income and expenditure of the construction enterprise, so as a part of the project management, the project price management becomes more and more important. How to improve the price management level of construction enterprises has become a hot topic. It is helpful to improve the overall management level and international competitiveness of construction enterprises to explore the project price suitable for market conditions, which is conducive to the long-term development of construction enterprises. This paper takes the project bidding price of the construction enterprise as the breakthrough point, mainly studies the question that the price of the production factor of the construction enterprise is reasonably determined in the bidding stage. According to the factor price of production, this paper discusses how to make the bidding price optimal under the existing bidding evaluation methods. 1) the paper summarizes the current research situation of pricing in developed countries. Through comparative analysis, we find out the gap between our country and foreign countries in price management and the existing problems at present. 2) expound the composition of project price and determine the content of project cost; As the main component of engineering cost, the price of labor, material and machinery is the main research object. Through the analysis, the method of determining the unit price of production factor bidding is put forward. The calculation formula is given. 3) the inquiry price of production factor market is summarized, the quoted price should contain certain risk fee, some problems existing in the calculation of risk are analyzed and discussed, and some reasonable suggestions on how to deal with risk fee are put forward. The calculation of risk is improved and a simple method of predicting risk rate is given. 4) under the method of comprehensive bid evaluation, it is necessary to adjust the market price of factors of production before it can be used as the final bid price. Based on the analysis of the bid evaluation methods in various regions, the theoretical basis of the optimal quotation is determined, and the empirical analysis on how to determine the optimal quotation of the construction enterprise is carried out. Through the above discussion, the whole process from determining the source of the production factor to determining the optimal bidding price of the production factor is analyzed, which provides support and suggestions for the price management of the construction enterprises in our country.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.92;F406.72

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