“绿色信贷”背景下的中小企业环境风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 14:12

本文关键词： 绿色信贷中小企业环境风险管理　出处：《宁波大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着中国经济的快速发展，环保问题越来越突出，政府也推出了一系列的宏观政策，而其中“绿色信贷”就是从金融层面提出的来推动信贷资金绿色配置的政策。换句话说，绿色信贷是指金融机构根据国家的相关环保政策及产业政策，从信贷资金的配置上面支持从事循环经济、绿色制造的企业和机构，限制污染项目及污染企业，引导资金流向环保政策支持的行业或项目。在此背景下，占国内注册企业90%以上的中小企业比大型企业面临更为严峻的融资环境及产业升级压力，与这些中小企业合作的金融机构也同时面临着较大的环境风险。本文中的环境风险指的是在绿色信贷背景下，由于国家环保政策的变化，或者企业自身环保意识淡薄而影响企业正常运作，最终导致违约风险或间接使银行面临法律、声誉等风险。绿色信贷背景下的中小企业环境风险管理的研究意义在于中小企业较大型企业更易使银行面临环境风险，中小企业占银行客户群的比例较大，具有普遍性，中小企业普遍存在融资难的问题而绿色信贷政策会加剧这一问题。环境风险管理的目的在于使银行在开展“绿色信贷”的同时，认清环境风险可能带来的授信风险，，并寻求缓释环境风险的方法，促进中小企业向低碳环保、可持续发展转型，使绿色信贷业务健康稳健地开展。本文采用文献资料法及模型分析法，分析了国内绿色信贷发展现状和中小企业面临的融资问题，再在银行内部评级模型的基础上，通过相关性分析来得出环保因子与信用等级存在正相关的结论，为银行在授信准入环节管理环境风险提供参考依据，并提出缓释风险的方法与建议。论文主体首先分析了国内外的研究概况、国内绿色信贷发展现状以及在此背景下中小企业融资问题，然后分析了环境风险的分类和产生原因。接下来在银行内部评级模型的基础上，加入了环保因子，得出环保因子与信用等级成正相关的结论，并通过案例分析进一步论证。文章最后一章根据分析结果，为银行开展绿色信贷防范环境风险提出对策建议。通过对环境风险的管理，使银行认清环境风险，缓释环境风险，促进中小企业向低碳环保、可持续发展转型，使绿色信贷业务健康稳健地开展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, environmental protection problems have become more and more prominent. The government has also introduced a series of macro policies. Among them, "green credit" is a policy put forward from the financial level to promote the green allocation of credit funds. In other words, green credit refers to financial institutions according to the relevant environmental protection policies and industrial policies of the country. To support enterprises and institutions engaged in circular economy and green manufacturing from the allocation of credit funds, to restrict pollution projects and polluting enterprises, and to direct funds to industries or projects supported by environmental protection policies. Small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for more than 90% of the registered enterprises in China, face more severe financing environment and industrial upgrading pressure than large enterprises. The financial institutions that cooperate with these small and medium-sized enterprises are also facing greater environmental risks. The environmental risks in this paper refer to the changes in national environmental protection policies in the context of green credit. Or the weak awareness of the enterprise's own environmental protection will affect the normal operation of the enterprise, resulting in the risk of default or indirectly exposing banks to the law. The significance of research on environmental risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises under the background of green credit is that small and medium-sized enterprises are more likely to make banks face environmental risks than large enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprises account for a large proportion of bank customers and are universal. The problem of financing difficulty exists in small and medium-sized enterprises and green credit policy will aggravate the problem. The purpose of environmental risk management is to make banks recognize the credit risk that environmental risk may bring while carrying out "green credit". In order to promote the transition of small and medium-sized enterprises to low-carbon environmental protection and sustainable development, the green credit business can be carried out healthily and steadily. This paper analyzes the development of green credit in China and the financing problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises by using the method of literature and model analysis, and then on the basis of the internal rating model of banks. Through the correlation analysis, the author draws the conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the environmental protection factor and the credit grade, which provides a reference for banks to manage the environmental risk in the credit access link. The main body of the paper firstly analyzes the research situation at home and abroad, the current situation of domestic green credit development and the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises under this background. Then it analyzes the classification and causes of environmental risk. Then, on the basis of the internal rating model of banks, it adds environmental protection factors, and draws the conclusion that environmental protection factors are positively related to credit rating. In the last chapter, according to the results of the analysis, the countermeasures and suggestions for banks to carry out green credit to prevent environmental risks are put forward. Through the management of environmental risks, banks can recognize the environmental risks and release them slowly. To promote small and medium-sized enterprises to low-carbon environmental protection, sustainable development, green credit business healthy and steady development.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4

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