西部农村实施土地信托的困境及制度建议

发布时间：2018-04-08 21:19

本文选题：农村土地信托　切入点：西部农村　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于历史原因造成的土地细碎化分割以及小农经济下的传统耕地经营方式使得土地的使用率低下,加之越来越多的农民加入务工大军,造成许多耕地资源的撂荒,浪费了本来就稀缺的土地资源,同时,传统的土地流转方式又存在难以形成规模经营、农户权益保护不周等弊端,使得农村土地流转方式的创新变得极为迫切。农村土地信托制度作为一种新型的农村土地流转方式与传统的农地流转方式相比较,存在许多优势。首先,土地信托是农村土地在三个主体之间的流转,流转的程序更加规范,有利于保障土地信托各方当事人的合法权益；其次,农村土地信托突破了土地需求者挨家挨户签订土地流转合同所带来的不便与低效率,通过土地信托机构发布完善的土地流转信息,加快了农村土地的流转,促进了土地的规模经营；最后,通过信托机构的专业性服务,使得农户可以拥有务工收入和土地信托收益双份收入,实现农民土地收益的最大化。尽管农村土地信托制度在我国的发展已有13年的历史,在我国的南方农村发展较为迅速,但在西部农村,尚未出现农村土地信托这一农村土地流转方式。理论界对农村土地信托的研究主要集中在我国农村土地信托制度实施的可行性研究及相关制度的完善、建议方面,本文的视角主要立足于西部农村,探讨西部农村实施土地信托制度时存在的困境及制度建议。论文由四部分组成。第一部分主要阐述了农村土地信托基本理论,通过对农村土地信托内涵、现状的分析,和对农村土地信托的制度优势的考量,为笔者进一步论述观点奠定基础。第二部分主要对西部农村实施农村土地信托予以现实考察,一方面总结现有农村土地信托的实践经验,另一方面探讨西部农村土地流转的特性,结合二者论述西部农村实施土地信托的必要性及可行性。第三部分则分析了西部农村实施土地信托所存在的现实困境、法律困境及配套制度困境。第四部分则在前三部分的讨论基础上提出了突破相应困境的制度建议。笔者并不是想在现有的农村土地信托实践上试图去建立一个独属于西部的农村土地信托制度,而是因为存在这样一种困惑：作为一项创新有效的农村土地流转方式,在我国中东部农村地区呈现不断发展态势,但却在拥有丰富土地资源的西部农村,为何迟迟不见这种土地流转方式的身影。从而期望通过对西部农村实施土地信托是可行的这一观点的论述、对西部农村实施土地信托的困境分析,最后提出西部实施农村土地信托的相关法律及制度建议,以便为西部农村的土地流转工作、农业规模化、产业化经营提供一点新的思考。
[Abstract]:Due to historical reasons, the fragmentation of land and the traditional management of cultivated land under the small-scale farming economy make the utilization rate of the land low. In addition, more and more farmers join the army of migrant workers, resulting in the abandonment of many cultivated land resources.At the same time, the traditional land transfer mode is difficult to form scale management, farmers' rights and interests are not well protected and so on, which makes the innovation of rural land circulation mode extremely urgent.As a new type of rural land transfer system, the rural land trust system has many advantages compared with the traditional rural land transfer mode.First, land trust is the transfer of rural land between the three main bodies, the procedure of circulation is more standardized, which is conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the parties to the land trust; secondly,The rural land trust has broken through the inconvenience and inefficiency brought by the door-to-door land transfer contract signed by the land demanders, and has speeded up the circulation of rural land through the issuance of perfect land circulation information by the land trust organization.Finally, through the professional service of the trust organization, farmers can have the income of working workers and the income of land trust, and realize the maximization of farmers' land income.Although the rural land trust system has been developed for 13 years in our country and developed rapidly in the southern rural areas of our country, the rural land trust system has not yet appeared in the western rural areas.The theoretical research on rural land trust mainly focuses on the feasibility study of the implementation of rural land trust system and the improvement of related system in our country. In the aspect of suggestions, the perspective of this paper is mainly based on the western rural areas.This paper discusses the difficulties and suggestions of land trust system in western rural areas.The paper consists of four parts.The first part mainly expounds the basic theory of the rural land trust, through the analysis of the connotation, the present situation of the rural land trust, and the consideration of the system superiority of the rural land trust, lays the foundation for the author to further discuss the viewpoint.The second part mainly studies the implementation of rural land trust in western rural areas. On the one hand, it summarizes the practical experience of rural land trust, on the other hand, it discusses the characteristics of rural land circulation in western China.This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of implementing land trust in western rural areas.The third part analyzes the practical dilemma, legal dilemma and supporting system dilemma of land trust in western rural areas.The fourth part of the first three parts of the discussion on the basis of breaking through the corresponding difficulties of the system recommendations.The author is not trying to set up a rural land trust system which belongs exclusively to the west in the existing rural land trust practice, but because there is such a confusion: as an innovative and effective way of rural land transfer,In the rural areas of the central and eastern part of China, there is a continuous development trend, but in the western rural areas with rich land resources, why not see the form of this land transfer mode.It is expected that through the discussion of the feasibility of land trust in western rural areas, the difficulties of land trust implementation in western rural areas will be analyzed, and the relevant laws and system suggestions for the implementation of rural land trust in western China will be put forward.In order to the western rural land circulation, agricultural scale, industrial management to provide a little new thinking.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.3;D922.282

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