生态文明建设视角下我国绿色信贷政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 17:54

本文选题：生态文明　切入点：绿色信贷　出处：《天津商业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济发展取得世界瞩目成绩的背后，也面临着经济快速增长和资源消耗、生态环境保护的矛盾，而且在一些地区和领域里环境污染显得尤为严重，生态环境不堪重负。面对如此严重的环境问题，我国“十二五”规划明确指出要进行绿色发展，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会；党的十八大报告中也强调加快建立生态文明制度，健全国土空间开发、资源节约、生态环境保护的体制机制，推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局。为了解决我国日益严重的环境问题，我国各个行业都做了一定的调整。对于掌握着巨大经济资源的金融业来说，推动环境保护、转变发展方式等方面发挥着重要的作用。绿色信贷政策的提出很好地适应了我国的产业政策和环境经济政策，并且能够很好的推动绿色产业的发展，在其提出后，得到了各级部门的赞扬与肯定。但是经过一段时间的实践，绿色信贷政策实际带来的效果却并不符合预期，银行发放的绿色贷款数额并不多，，尤其是绿色信贷数额占全年贷款额的比重增长速度缓慢而且有下降的趋势，对环境保护的促进作用也不够明显。另一方面，绿色信贷政策实施以来，政策制度不完善、没有明确的监管制度和监管部门就造成了各个银行只做“面子”工程或是为自己业务“漂”绿，发展绿色信贷政策不够深入。为了应对这一系列的问题，如何是绿色信贷政策能够真正发挥作用达到预期目标便成为了一个有意义的研究课题。本文在研究国内外有关绿色信贷政策的文献后，通过理论分析与实证分析相合、比较分析、宏观分析与微观分析相结合等研究方法，试图找出绿色信贷政策问题的原因所在，从政策制定者、政策监管者和政策实施者角度全方位进行深入透彻的分析后发现以下问题。政策制定者所发布的绿色信贷政策的实施细则不完整，政策约束性低以及没有相应的激励机制，这就导致了商业银行发展绿色信贷政策缓慢的现状。导致绿色信贷政策发展缓慢的另一个原因是没有明确的监管部门，而且考核商业银行完成绿色信贷政策的标准不完善。从商业银行自身来将，大部分商业银行环保意识不强而且绿色信贷政策的实施与商业银行的经营目标相冲突，这就影响了商业银行实施绿色信贷政策的动力。再有，商业银行在实施绿色信贷政策过程时缺乏规范性也造成了政策发展速度缓慢。本文根据造成我国绿色信贷政策发展缓慢的原因，介绍了美国、日本、英国和德国开展绿色信贷政策的先进经验，并借鉴了我国最早加入赤道原则的兴业银行发展绿色信贷政策先进的合作模式，寻找解决问题的行之有效的方法。政策制定者应建立一套奖罚结合的机制并出台绿色信贷政策的具体实施细则。在此基础上，有关政府部门应联合建立监管部门并制定一套绿色信贷政策实施的考核标准。商业银行首先应从思想意识上应加强对绿色信贷政策的重视，然后从多个方面规范实施绿色信贷政策的行为。最后，在各方参与者的努力配合下争取打破我国发展绿色信贷政策的瓶颈，切实推动我国经济增长方式的转变和经济结构的调整，开创经济快速发展和改善生态环境的双赢局面。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic development has made impressive achievements behind the world, is also facing the rapid economic growth and resource consumption, the contradiction between the protection of the ecological environment, but also in some areas and in the field of environmental pollution is particularly serious, the ecological environment is overwhelmed. Facing such serious environmental problems in China, "12th Five-Year" plan clearly pointed out to carry out green development, build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society; the eighteen Party's report also stressed that accelerate the establishment of ecological civilization system, improve land and space development, resource conservation, ecological environment protection mechanism, promote the formation of a new pattern of human and nature harmonious development of modernization.
In order to solve the increasingly serious environmental problems in our country, various industries in China have made some adjustments. To grasp the enormous economic resources of the financial industry, to promote environmental protection, play an important role in changing the pattern of development. Put forward the green credit policy is well adapted to the industrial policy and environmental economic policy in our country, and can be very good to promote the development of green industry, in the proposed, the praise and affirmation departments. But after a period of practice, the green credit policy the actual impact is not expected, the bank issued the green loan amount is not much, especially the green credit amount accounted for the amount of loans the proportion of slow growth and a declining trend of environmental protection role is not obvious. On the other hand, since the green credit policy implementation, policy system. Good, there is no clear regulatory system and regulatory authorities caused banks only "face" is for their own business or engineering "drift" green, the development of green credit policy is not enough. In order to deal with a series of problems, how is the green credit policy can play a real role to achieve the expected goal has become a a meaningful research topic.
Based on the research at home and abroad about the green credit policy documents, through theoretical analysis and empirical analysis together, comparative analysis, research methods combining macro analysis and micro analysis, trying to find out the reason why the green credit policy issues, from policy makers, the following problems found regulators and policy implementation angle full range analysis thorough. The detailed rules for the implementation of the policy issued by the green credit policy is not complete, policy constraints of the lower and no corresponding incentive mechanism, which leads to the present situation of the development of commercial banks the green credit policy slow. Another cause of the slow development of the green credit policy is no clear regulatory authorities, and the assessment of commercial banks completed the green credit policy standard is not perfect. From the commercial banks to commercial banks, most environmental awareness is not strong and The implementation of green credit policy is in conflict with the business objectives of commercial banks. This affects the power of commercial banks to implement green credit policy. Moreover, commercial banks lack standardization during the implementation of green credit policy, which also results in slow development of policies.
According to the reasons for the slow development of China's green credit policy, the United States, Japan, Britain and Germany to carry out the advanced experience of the green credit policy, and from the green credit policy advanced cooperative development mode of China's earliest joined equator principles of the Industrial Bank, to find effective ways to solve the problems. The formulation mechanism should be to establish a system of rewards and the combination of specific implementation rules promulgated the green credit policy policy. On this basis, the relevant government departments should jointly establish supervision departments and develop a green credit policy implementation evaluation standards. Commercial banks should firstly ideology should strengthen the green credit policy value, and regulate the implementation of the green credit policy behavior from many aspects. Finally, to break the bottleneck of the development of green credit policy in China in all participants to cooperate, to push The transformation of the mode of economic growth in China and the adjustment of the economic structure have created a win-win situation for the rapid economic development and the improvement of the ecological environment.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4

【参考文献】