中小企业贷款难的原因分析

发布时间：2018-06-27 16:13

本文选题：中小企业 + 贷款难　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放三十多年以来,我国经济发展取得了长足进步,中小企业在我国国民经济的发展中扮演的角色日益重要,现在已经成为我国国民经济的重要组成部分和促进我国科技创新和社会发展的重要驱动力。虽然我国中小企业取得了长足发展,但是其面临的环境却不甚乐观,其中融资难的问题尤为突出。造成中小企业融资难的原因既有中小企业自身的原因,如：企业规模小、资金总量不足、缺乏信用体系、担保难、未来发展前景模糊等；也有大中型商业银行方面的原因,如：大中型商业银行“抓大放小”的信贷策略、工作效率低下等。在这种情况下,如何解决大中型商业银行同中小企业的这种矛盾就对解决中小企业融资难的问题至关重要。本文研究的重要问题就是要面对这种矛盾,大中型商业银行应该采取什么样的信贷策略才能够既能有效解决中小企业融资难的问题,又能在减少风险的同时为大中型商业银行增加收入。在技术思路上,本文采用理论和案例相结合以及综合模糊分析的技术手法,从理论和实际的角度来研究我国中小企业从大中型商业银行融资难的问题,并在此基础上力求寻找到解决这个问题的答案。综合模糊理论主要观点是：对立统一、量质互变、物极必反、周期变化,是事物发展变化的基本规律；贷款市场具有不确定性,多数情况下,银行是在非对称信息条件下做出决策；研究方法上,把研究对象作为一个整体,采用全面、联系、发展的观点分析问题,在非对称信息条件下,决策依据或目标函数是：判断研究对象“当前所处周期的相对位置”、及其“未来一段时间变化趋势之可能性”。可见,综合模糊理论的认识基础和分析逻辑,更符合贷款的状况。在具体结构安排上,本文首先从全局的角度对我国中小企业融资现状作出分析说明；通过案例总结出我国大中型商业银行对中小企业融资的现有策略的不足之处,并且进一步分析造成这种问题的原因；然后运用综合模糊分析法对比分析了大、中小企业的贷款难易程度,最后通过前面的分析从大中型商业银行、企业和社会的角度提出行之有效的建议。
[Abstract]:Since more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economic development has made considerable progress, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an increasingly important role in the development of our national economy. Now it has become an important part of our national economy and an important driving force to promote scientific and technological innovation and social development. Although small and medium-sized enterprises in our country have made great progress, the environment they face is not very optimistic, especially the problem of difficult financing. The reasons for the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises are not only the small and medium-sized enterprises themselves, such as the small scale of enterprises, the insufficient amount of funds, the lack of credit system, the difficulty of guarantee, the ambiguity of the future development prospects, and so on; there are also reasons for the large and medium-sized commercial banks. Such as: large and medium-sized commercial banks, "grasp the small" credit strategy, low efficiency, and so on. In this case, how to solve the contradiction between medium and large commercial banks and SMEs is very important to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs. The important problem studied in this paper is to face this contradiction. What kind of credit strategy should be adopted by large and medium-sized commercial banks in order to effectively solve the problem of financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises? At the same time to reduce risk for large and medium-sized commercial banks to increase income. In terms of technical thinking, this paper uses the combination of theory and case and comprehensive fuzzy analysis to study the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises in China from the angle of theory and practice. On this basis, we try to find a solution to this problem. The main points of view of comprehensive fuzzy theory are: unity of opposites, mutual change of quantity and quality, extreme reversal and periodic change, which are the basic laws of the development and change of things; the loan market is uncertain, and in most cases, Banks make decisions under the condition of asymmetric information, and the research methods take the research object as a whole, adopt the viewpoint of comprehensive, contact and development, and analyze the problem under the condition of asymmetric information. The decision basis or objective function is to judge the "relative position of the current period" and "the possibility of future trends". Thus, the comprehensive fuzzy theory of understanding and analysis logic, more in line with the situation of loans. In the specific structure arrangement, this article first from the overall situation angle to our country small and medium-sized enterprise financing present situation to make the analysis explanation, through the case summary our country big and medium-sized commercial bank to the small and medium-sized enterprise financing present strategy insufficiency, And further analysis of the causes of this problem; then the use of comprehensive fuzzy analysis method to compare and analyze the large, small and medium-sized enterprises of the difficult degree of loans, and finally through the previous analysis from the large and medium-sized commercial banks, Put forward effective suggestions from the angle of enterprise and society.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4;F276.3

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