我国农村小额信贷模式比较研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 10:53

【摘要】：本文旨在通过小额信贷理论的应用来分析我国农村小额信贷市场的发展现状，重点是对我国现有的四种小额信贷模式进行了比较分析，指出存在的若干共性问题，然后提出相应的对策建议，以促进小额信贷在中国的健康可持续发展。本文从经济学结合管理学的研究视角出发，通过采用局部均衡分析法、对比分析法、静态分析与动态分析相结合等研究方法，基于农村小额信贷发展现状的阐述，从政府、小额信贷运营机构和农户三个角度剖析了当前发展遇到的共性问题，同时总结了国际上其他发展中国家在小额信贷发展方面取得的成功经验。通过研究发现：作为一种新型的农村金融工具，小额信贷的确是一种有效的信贷配给方式，尤其是对于发展中国家来说，小额信贷解决了农村部分“贷款难”和“难贷款”等问题，，促进了农村经济的发展。该模式下能够保证信贷资金有效到达真正贫困农户手中，且能保证高的还款率。经过二十余年的发展实践，我国农村小额信贷市场已经初步形成多种组织机构共同参与、受益群体多样化、制度设计各有侧重的多种模式共存的多元化格局。但由于政府定位不清晰、信用体系不完善、风险控制机制不健全等原因，我国的小额信贷发展面临着可持续发展的难题。要解决当前存在的一系列问题，实现政府、小额信贷机构和农民三者的“共赢”局面，须借鉴国际上小额信贷发展取得的宝贵经验，并结合我国具体国情和发展现状，进而提出切实可行的政策建议。本文经研究后提出的具体措施有：建立和完善相关的法律法规，使小额信贷机构的法律地位明确化、合法化；推进农村信用体系建设，来促进良好信用环境的形成，保护债权人利益；完善信贷机构内部管理机制，提高工作效率，以实现机构自身的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation of the development of the rural microfinance market in China through the application of microfinance theory, focusing on the comparative analysis of the four existing microfinance models in China, and pointing out some common problems. Then put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to promote the healthy and sustainable development of microfinance in China. In this paper, from the perspective of economics and management, through the use of local equilibrium analysis, comparative analysis, static analysis and dynamic analysis of research methods, based on the development of microfinance in rural areas, from the government, This paper analyzes the common problems encountered in the current development from the perspectives of microfinance operators and farmers, and sums up the successful experiences of other developing countries in the development of microfinance in the world. As a new type of rural financial instrument, microcredit is indeed an effective way of credit rationing, especially for developing countries. Microfinance solves the problems of "loan difficulty" and "difficult loan" in rural areas, and promotes the development of rural economy. This model can guarantee the credit funds to reach the real poor farmers effectively, and can guarantee the high repayment rate. After more than 20 years' development practice, the rural micro-credit market in our country has initially formed a pluralistic pattern in which a variety of organizations and institutions participate together, the beneficiary groups are diversified, and the system design has its own emphasis on the coexistence of various modes. However, the development of micro-credit in China is faced with the problem of sustainable development due to the lack of clear government position, imperfect credit system and imperfect risk control mechanism. In order to solve a series of existing problems and realize the win-win situation among the government, microfinance institutions and farmers, we must draw lessons from the valuable experience gained in the development of microfinance in the world, and combine with the specific conditions and development situation of our country. And then put forward practical policy recommendations. The specific measures proposed in this paper are: establishing and perfecting relevant laws and regulations, making the legal status of microfinance institutions clear and legalized, promoting the construction of rural credit system to promote the formation of a good credit environment, To protect the interests of creditors, to perfect the internal management mechanism of credit institutions, to improve the working efficiency, and to realize the sustainable development of the institutions themselves.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.43

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