离散制造企业资源弹性约束下作业车间调度问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 21:23

本文选题：车间调度　切入点：资源弹性约束　出处：《西南交通大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：调度问题广泛存在于实际生产过程中,且调度问题一般多属于NP-hard问题,求解极其复杂,也一直吸引着国内外众多学者在这一领域进行探索与研究。在理论研究上,对车间调度的研究主要针对时间这一角度进行展开,考虑对资源进行合理地安排与分配,同时对生产进度进行合理安排,使生产制造任务的实际完成时间能够最短。在现有文献中已对这类问题进行了大量的探索与研究,设计了众多的最优化算法。然而在实际的调度执行过程中,意料之外的不确定因素是不可避免的,如原材料没能按时送达,外包任务发生工期延误和多个制造任务运行下的资源冲突等,这些因素使制造任务面临交货期违约的风险。如何将存在交货期违约风险的制造任务通过弹性资源的合理调度,进而优化进度计划,合理减轻或者消除交货期违约所造成的违约损失,实现制造活动的成本最低化、收益最大化,就成为新时代生产管理人员时常面临的困境。针对上述问题,依据前人的研究成果,本文对调度问题进行拓展研究。围绕着调度最优化的目标,引出了生产调度研究领域中的资源弹性约束,以解决制造任务在面临交货期违约风险时的优化调度问题。第一章,主要阐述了本研究课题的背景与意义。同时概述了调度问题的主要内容,综述了在车间调度优化领域的国内外研究现状,并进行了总结与分析,在给出了论文的章节结构的基础上,进而提出论文所要研究的主要内容。第二章,研究了车间调度问题研究的总体技术框架。首先描述了需要求解的问题,给出其对应研究的数学模型;然后,研究了求解问题的总体技术框架,确定了总体研究方针,给逐渐深入探究各章节问题提供思路。第三章,对以任务粒度控制与人员柔性为基础的车间调度问题进行研究,采用任务时序逻辑关系和粒度控制方法对复杂制造任务进行了科学合理的分解,然后,在考虑人员弹性约束的基础上,实现了任务和资源的匹配优化,得到了有效的决策方案。第四章,研究了机器资源弹性约束下的柔性车间调度问题,采用析取图方法表示柔性车间调度问题,提出两种群蚁群算法分析机器弹性对调度效率的影响,以此来探索最经济有效的资源配置方式实现最优的调度效率,这对企业提升制造系统效率具有重要的指导意义。第五章,对于以最大完工时间最小为调度目标的恶化工件弹性调度的问题,基于此类问题的突出特性,诸如针对不同的恶化率和不同的设备恶化情况进行了分类研究,并有针对性地提出了求解该问题的一种改进遗传算法,结果表明,恶化效应与调度效果之间存在着一种相互作用关系。第六章,对于以最大完工时间最小为调度目标的人员弹性调度问题,基于此类问题的突出特性,诸如针对不同的人员弹性度分类研究,并有针对性地提出了求解该问题的一种改进模拟退火遗传算法,最后得到了人员弹性度和调度结果这两者是互相影响的关系的探究结果。第七章,对全文工作和创新点进行了总结,为进一步的研究指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Scheduling problems are widely used in the actual production process, and the general scheduling problem is a NP-hard problem, is very complex, it has attracted many domestic and foreign scholars to explore and research in this field. In theory, the research on job shop scheduling mainly aims at the time this way, considering the reasonable arrangement with the allocation of resources, at the same time on the production schedule for reasonable arrangement, the production tasks of the actual completion of the shortest time can. In the existing literature on this issue has made a lot of exploration and research, the optimization design of many. However in the actual execution process, contrary to expectation uncertainty it is inevitable, such as raw materials could not be delivered on time, outsourcing task resource conflict delay and multiple manufacturing tasks under the operation, these factors make the manufacturing task The risk of default delivery. How there will be manufacturing task delivery default risk through reasonable scheduling of flexible resource, and to optimize the schedule, reduce or eliminate the reasonable default losses caused by the breach of the delivery period, the lowest cost of manufacturing activities, to maximize the benefits, has become the new era of production management personnel often face trouble. In view of the above problems, on the basis of previous research results, this paper studies the scheduling problem. Based on the optimization of the scheduling, resource production scheduling leads to elastic constraints in the research field, in order to solve the scheduling problem of manufacturing tasks in the face of delivery when the risk of default. The first chapter mainly expounds the background and significance this study provides an overview of the main content. At the same time scheduling problems, summarized the research present situation in the workshop scheduling field at home and abroad, and sums up With the analysis, based on the chapter structure of the paper are given on and then put forward the main content of this paper is to study the general technical framework. The second chapter studies the research on job shop scheduling problem. Firstly describes the problem to be solved, gives the mathematical model of the corresponding research; then, the overall technical framework of solving problems the study, to determine the overall policy to gradually explore the chapters provide ideas. The third chapter is to study the shop scheduling problem with task granularity and flexible personnel as the foundation, the task of sequential logic relations and size control method of complex manufacturing task is decomposed, and then the scientific and reasonable, taking into consideration personnel of elastic restraint, realizes the optimized matching of tasks and resources, making effective scheme is obtained. The fourth chapter studies the flexible job shop scheduling resource constrained elastic machine The problem, using the disjunctive graph representation of flexible job shop scheduling problem, put forward two population ant colony algorithm analysis of the effect of elasticity on the machine scheduling efficiency, so as to explore the most effective way to achieve optimal allocation of resources for enterprises to improve the scheduling efficiency, has the important guiding significance for manufacturing efficiency of the system. In the fifth chapter, the maximum completion time the minimum scheduling objective is the deterioration of the workpiece elastic scheduling problem, highlighting the characteristics of such problems based on devices such as for different deterioration rates and different deterioration are studied, and put forward to a kind of improved genetic algorithm to solve this problem, the results show that an interaction relationship exists between the deterioration effect and regulation effect. In the sixth chapter, in order to minimize the maximum completion time for the scheduling target personnel elastic scheduling problem, based on the features of this kind of problem According to different people, such as elastic classification research, and puts forward a kind of improved simulated annealing genetic algorithm for solving the problem, and finally get the personnel flexibility and scheduling results which is to explore the relationship of mutual influence. The seventh chapter of the thesis, the work and innovation points are summarized and pointed out the direction for further research.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F273

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