现阶段中国国有经济定位与国有企业改革

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:29

本文选题：国企改革 + 现实背景　；参考：《学术月刊》2017年07期

【摘要】：相对于改革和发展而言,中国所处的现实背景表现为:(1)现在处在"四期叠加"阶段;(2)中国还没有走出经济增长低谷期;(3)处在正在崛起的关键和微妙阶段;(4)从中共十一届三中全会开始理论探索和实践,到十四大确定经济体制改革的目标:建立社会主义市场经济体制。我们应该理性认识现实背景、勿忘改革初心、审时度势,朝着既定的目标,对国有企业继续深化改革。"现实背景"昭示了现阶段中国国有经济的定位不能走向两个极端,必须合理和科学:既得有符合市场经济一般规律的存在空间,还得有符合中国特殊阶段性的特殊存在空间,即对一些竞争性却关系国计民生的领域必须有所控制。国有经济的现状是:覆盖面太广、与民争利和挤出民营资本、一定程度上滋养腐败、经营效率低下。现阶段国有企业改革的方向不能偏离建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制这个总目标。改革的重点内容或主要任务,依照逻辑和先后顺序分为:首先对现有的企业国有资产或有国有资产的企业进行科学分类,确定哪些该留下、哪些该退出;然后,国有资产该退出的坚决退出,相关的国有或国有控股企业改制或转让;最后才是必须保留的企业国有资产的管理体制改革和国有及国有控股企业的公司治理结构改革。改革的主要困难主要是:(1)最大的困难是利益集团的阻挠;(2)对国有和国有控股企业(包括各类平台公司、运营公司)坚持党的领导问题,在认识上有偏差。
[Abstract]:As opposed to reform and development, The realistic background of China is as follows: (1) it is now in the stage of "four phases superposition"; (2) China has not yet stepped out of the low stage of economic growth; (3) it is at the key and delicate stage of its rising; (4) it has started its theoretical exploration and practice from the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. To the 14th National Congress set the goal of economic system reform: to establish a socialist market economy system. We should rationally understand the realistic background, not forget the initial idea of reform, gauge the situation, and continue to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises toward the stated goal. " The realistic background shows that the orientation of China's state-owned economy should not go to two extremes at the present stage, it must be reasonable and scientific: there must not only be space for existence in accordance with the general laws of the market economy, but also a special space for existence in accordance with the special stages of China. That is, some competitive but related to the national economy and people's livelihood areas must be controlled. The present situation of state-owned economy is: the coverage is too wide, competing with the people for profit and crowding out private capital, nourish corruption to a certain extent, and the management efficiency is low. At present, the reform of state-owned enterprises cannot deviate from the overall goal of establishing and perfecting the socialist market economy system. The key contents or main tasks of the reform are divided according to logic and order: first, the existing enterprises with or with state-owned assets are scientifically classified to determine which should stay and which should be withdrawn; and then, The final part is the reform of the management system of state-owned assets and the reform of corporate governance structure of state-owned and state-holding enterprises. The main difficulties of the reform are as follows: (1) the biggest difficulty is the obstruction of interest groups; (2) there is a deviation in understanding the leadership of the Party to the state-owned and state-holding enterprises (including all kinds of platform companies and operating companies).
【作者单位】：山东大学经济研究院;
【分类号】：F276.1

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