XX钢铁制造企业生产作业风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 09:19

【摘要】：钢铁行业作为国家支柱产业,在国家经济运行和基础设施建设中起着重要作用。但是在钢铁企业数量增加,经济形势趋于平稳的情况下,对钢铁的需求量也逐渐缓和,造成我国钢铁产量严重过剩,多家中小型钢铁生产企业面临倒闭。在这样的发展背景下,钢铁企业想进一步发展,就应该向绿色生产、安全生产转型。由于钢铁企业生产工艺复杂,设施设备重大,因此事故种类也相应复杂,带来的人员、经济损失更是严重。本文以钢铁制造企业的生产作业过程为研究对象,分析其存在的风险种类以及影响风险发生的因素,以期为钢铁企业的生产作业风险管理提供目标明确的有效帮助。首先通过分析历史数据,包括历史事故的发生时间、种类、起因以及带来的损失结果,结合大量文献的研究内容,总结出我国钢铁企业生产作业的六大类主要风险,即爆炸、煤气泄漏/中毒/窒息,员工高空坠落、淹溺、铁水(钢水)烧伤/外溢、环境风险(坍塌、砸伤、机械伤害等),并基于信息扩散理论分析这几类风险事件的发生概率以及风险损失。结合风险矩阵对各类风险事件进行等级评估。同时,论文也从企业环境、生产工艺、设施设备以及组织管理四个方面着手研究,分析影响风险事件发生的因素,通过专家打分,应用熵权法对各类影响因素的权重比例予以估计。通过研究,本文得出六大类风险事件中煤气泄漏/中毒/窒息的风险等级最高,其次是爆炸、灼伤和环境伤害,接下来是高空坠落以及淹溺。从影响因素的权重可以得出设施设备的影响权重最高,组织管理和操作工艺其次,最后是企业环境。论文最后以风险识别和风险评估结果为基础,进一步提出了钢铁企业生产作业风险管理相关对策。
[Abstract]:As a national pillar industry, iron and steel industry plays an important role in national economic operation and infrastructure construction. However, when the number of iron and steel enterprises increases and the economic situation tends to be stable, the demand for iron and steel is gradually eased, resulting in serious overproduction of iron and steel in our country and the collapse of many small and medium-sized iron and steel production enterprises. In this development background, iron and steel enterprises want to further development, should be green production, production safety transition. Because of the complex production technology and the important facilities in iron and steel enterprises, the types of accidents are also complicated, and the economic losses are even more serious. Taking the production process of iron and steel manufacturing enterprises as the research object, this paper analyzes the types of risks and the factors that affect the occurrence of the risks, in order to provide clear and effective help for the production operation risk management of iron and steel enterprises. First of all, by analyzing the historical data, including the occurrence time, type, cause and loss result of the historical accident, combined with the research contents of a large number of literatures, this paper summarizes the six main types of risks in the production of iron and steel enterprises in our country, that is, explosion. Gas leakage / poisoning / asphyxiation, employee fall from high altitude, drowning, hot metal (molten steel) burns / spills, environmental risks (collapse, smashing injury, etc.) Based on the theory of information diffusion, the probability of occurrence and risk loss of these kinds of risk events are analyzed. Combined with risk matrix to evaluate all kinds of risk events. At the same time, the paper also starts from four aspects of enterprise environment, production process, facility equipment and organization management, analyzes the factors that affect the occurrence of risk events, and scores by experts. Entropy weight method is used to estimate the weight ratio of various factors. According to the research, the risk of gas leakage / poisoning / asphyxiation is the highest in six kinds of risk events, followed by explosion, burns and environmental injuries, and then falls from high altitude and drowning. From the weight of the influencing factors, it can be concluded that the influence weight of facility equipment is the highest, the organization management and operation technology is the second, and finally is the enterprise environment. Finally, based on the results of risk identification and risk assessment, the related countermeasures of risk management in production operations of iron and steel enterprises are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F426.31;F272.3

【相似文献】