邮储银行小微企业信贷与风险控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 22:06

本文选题：邮储银行　切入点：小微企业　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：大力发展与创新小微企业信贷业务,在我国经济快速发展的现阶段意义重大。我国政府历来特别关注小微企业的生存状况和发展水平,主要在于其对社会稳定、经济发展的重要意义:小微企业在国民经济中有着较高比重,同时在增加政府财税收入、促进“大众创业、万众创新”、提升就业率等方面都发挥着异常重要的作用,对社会稳定起着巨大贡献。我国正式注册的工商企业中约96%均为小微企业,他们提供了愈八成的就业岗位,年产值占GDP的六成,这些数据无一不证明着小微企业对我国经济的现实及战略意义。可是长久以来,小微企业发展和壮大过程中面临的融资贵、融资难的难题长期并广泛存在,批贷额与需求之间缺口大、直接融资渠道少且窄、间接融资门槛及成本均较高等系列问题严重制约着小微企业的健康稳定发展。同时对于银行来说,鉴于小微企业如此重要的地位以及迅速的发展速度,小微企业信贷可以说是业务发展的蓝海,成为各主要商业银行的必争之地。重视和开展小微企业信贷也成为金融企业差异化经营、扩大经营规模的必由选择。但是由于小微企业自身的特点,银行无法按照对待大中企业的信贷流程来处理小微企业贷款并有效管理其风险,在对小微企业进行信贷支持、自身也获得利息收入的同时,银行也要提升自身的风险意识、增强风险甄别和防范能力,建立起相应的信贷风险管理体系,从而取得可持续增长的利润。本文站在邮储银行的角度,通过案例分析,总结了邮储银行开展小微企业信贷业务并有效控制信贷风险的成功实践经验,并且在理论研究与实践分析的基础上,提出了解决邮储银行对小微企业信贷风险管理的六个对策建议:各环节漏洞要充分填补、完善小微企业的信用评级指标、完善风险管理机制、完善机构职能设置、树立风险管理文化、完善小微信贷业务队伍建设。希望可以助力银企共赢,帮助小微企业获得长远发展的同时,也打造出邮储银行支持和服务小微企业的良好社会形象与品牌。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to vigorously develop and innovate the credit business of small and micro enterprises at the present stage of rapid economic development in our country. Our government has always paid special attention to the survival and development level of small and micro enterprises, mainly because of its social stability. The significance of economic development: small and micro enterprises have a high proportion in the national economy, and at the same time, they play an extremely important role in increasing government revenue, promoting "mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation," and increasing the employment rate. About 96% of the officially registered industrial and commercial enterprises in our country are small and micro enterprises. They provide more than 80% of the jobs, and the annual output value accounts for 60% of GDP. All of these data prove the realistic and strategic significance of small and micro enterprises to our economy. However, for a long time, the problem of financing is expensive and difficult in the process of development and expansion of small and micro enterprises. A series of problems, such as large gap between loan amount and demand, small and narrow direct financing channels, high indirect financing threshold and high cost, seriously restrict the healthy and stable development of small and micro enterprises. In view of the importance of small and micro enterprises and the rapid growth rate, small and micro enterprise credit can be said to be the blue sea of business development. It is necessary to pay attention to and develop the credit of small and micro enterprises, which is the necessary choice for financial enterprises to expand their business scale. However, due to the characteristics of small and micro enterprises, Banks cannot handle small and micro enterprises' loans and manage their risks effectively in accordance with the credit process for large and medium enterprises. While providing credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises and earning their own interest income, banks should also raise their own risk awareness. Strengthen the ability of risk screening and prevention, establish the corresponding credit risk management system, so as to achieve sustainable growth of profits. This paper, from the point of view of the Postal savings Bank, through the case study, This paper summarizes the successful practical experience of Postal savings Bank in developing small and micro enterprise credit business and effectively controlling credit risk, and on the basis of theoretical research and practical analysis, This paper puts forward six countermeasures to solve the credit risk management of small and micro enterprises by Postal savings Bank: the loopholes in each link should be fully filled, the credit rating index of small and micro enterprises should be perfected, the risk management mechanism should be perfected, and the functions of the organization should be set up. Set up risk management culture, perfect small and micro credit team construction. Hope to help banks and enterprises win, help small and micro enterprises to obtain long-term development, but also create a postal savings bank to support and service small and micro enterprises good social image and brand.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F618.3;F832.33

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