发展成果共享执政理念下反城市贫困问题研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 11:25

本文关键词：发展成果共享执政理念下反城市贫困问题研究　出处：《首都师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贫困问题被联合国确定为社会发展问题的三大主题之首。新中国成立后,我国的“扶贫开发”政策主要针对农村进行,改革开放30年来,经济、社会发展取得巨大成就的同时,在城市中却分化出一个规模庞大、数量众多的贫困人口群体。城市贫困群体不仅物质生活水平低下,而且精神生活贫乏,失落感和消极情绪与日俱增,容易激化社会矛盾,处理不好极有可能成为影响社会稳定的一大隐患,因此对中国城市贫困状况包括贫困群体生活状况、社会特征、造成贫困原因以及中国目前反城市贫困现状应予以极大的关注和采取有效措施去解决。本文中的反城市贫困是指20世纪90年代以来,由于市场经济体制转轨,经济结构调整,国企改制、农村剩余劳动力向城市转移以及贫富差距扩大等引起的城市贫困问题的治理。现阶段我国城市贫困问题与其他国家相比,特别是与西方发达国家相比,我国没有经历一个完整的工业化阶段,因此目前的贫困问题具有更大的复杂性。新形势下有必要对反城市贫困政策的指导思想、方法和内容进行深入反思。随着改革开放的不断深化,改革发展成果凸显,中国共产党的执政理念随着社会形势的变化也在发生变化,改革发展成果人民共享已是全党达成共识的执政理念。2013年3月在十二届人大一次会议闭幕式上,习近平总书记更加明确提出要让人民“共同享有人生出彩的机会,共同享有梦想成真的机会,共同享有同祖国和时代一起成长与进步的机会。”这标志着发展成果共享这一执政理念的具化。发展成果共享不仅仅是在分配领域使成果惠及全体人民,更需要在发展方式上向共享式发展转变,使全体人民不仅享受到改革发展带来的利益,更能享受到公平的发展机会,从根本上摆脱城市贫困,实现共同富裕。文章从以下几个方面铺开论述：第一部分,文章首先从城市贫困概念的界定包括贫困群体的构成及规模、城市贫困的表现及成因分析、反城市贫困现状三个方面全面分析我国目前的贫困情况以及反城市贫困的进程,初步分析造成反城市贫困存在问题的原因,明确提出问题。第二部分,理论分析。中国共产党十七大明确提出“发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享”,为反城市贫困提供了新的思路,因此文章在第二部分首先从马克思经典、中共领导人关于共享理论的论述、构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求三个方面分析了实现发展成果共享的理论基础,其次,论述反城市贫困与共享发展成果的辩证关系：最后,借鉴世界反城市贫困问题的经验,特别是发展经济学关于共享式发展理念的分析与实践。第三部分,提出对策。夯实物质基础,转变经济增长从共享式经济发展方式的角度出发,在对政策参与、分配制度、就业体系、福利制度等进行完善的基础上,构建以政府为主导的反城市贫困体系,提升城市贫困群体的自身能力；从发展到治理,从外因到内因整个过程都运用发展成果共享理念指导反城市贫困。
[Abstract]:The problem of poverty has been identified by the United Nations for the three major themes of social development in the first. After the founding of new Chinese, China's "poverty alleviation" policy aimed at rural areas, 30 years of reform and opening up, economic and social development has made great achievements at the same time, the city is differentiated from a large number of the poor population groups. A poor group of city not only the level of material life and spiritual life is low, lack of sense of loss and negative emotions grow with each passing day, easily intensify social contradictions, not good is likely to become a major problem affecting social stability, so the Chinese city poverty including poor living conditions, social characteristics, reasons and cause of poverty at present Chinese anti city poverty situation should be paid great attention to and take effective measures to solve the problem.
In this paper, the anti poverty refers to the city since 1990s, due to market economy, the adjustment of economic structure, the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, governance city poverty problem of rural surplus labor transfer to the city and caused a widening gap between rich and poor and so on. At the present stage of the poverty of our country city compared with other countries, especially compared with western developed countries, I China has not experienced a complete stage of industrialization, so the current poverty problem is more complicated. Under the new situation it is necessary to guide the thought of city anti poverty policies, methods and contents of further reflection. With the deepening of reform and opening up, reform and development of the Communist Party of China highlights, the ruling idea changes with the social situation is also changing, people share the fruits of reform and development is the consensus of the ruling idea of.2013 in March in the twelve people at a time The closing ceremony of the conference, the general secretary Xi Jinping more clearly to let people "to enjoy life the color of opportunity, a chance to live their dreams, the common enjoyment of the motherland together with the times and opportunities for growth and advancement." this marks the sharing of development achievements the governing idea embodied not only in the sharing of development achievements. The distribution of achievements benefit all the people, need to share type development in the way of development, so that all the people not only enjoy the benefits of reform and development, but also enjoy the equal opportunities of development, fundamentally get rid of city poverty and achieve common prosperity.
The article spreads out from the following aspects:
The first part, the article first defines the concept of city poverty including poverty group structure and scale, performance and cause analysis of city poverty, anti poverty situation of city three comprehensive analysis of the poverty situation in China at present and the process of city anti poverty, anti poverty city made preliminary analysis of the existence of the problem, clear question.
The second part, the theoretical analysis. China Communist Party Congress clearly put forward "development for the people, by the people, the fruits of development shared by the people", provides a new way for anti poverty of the city, so in the second part of the paper starts from the Marx classic, party leaders about sharing theory, the three aspects of constructing the socialism harmonious society the analysis of the theoretical basis, realize the sharing of development achievements and secondly, discusses the dialectical relationship between the anti poverty of the city and share the fruits of development. Finally, referring to the world anti poverty city experience, especially the analysis and practice of development economics on the shared development concept.
The third part puts forward the countermeasures. Strengthening the material base, the transformation of economic growth from the sharing of the mode of economic development in the perspective of participation, distribution system, policy of employment system, based on the perfect welfare system, build a government anti poverty system leading city, improve the city poor groups from their own ability; from development to governance, causes the entire process by the sharing of development achievements guidance of the concept of anti poverty of the city.

【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F126

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