基于FGT指数的城乡内部收入差距及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 20:09

本文关键词：基于FGT指数的城乡内部收入差距及其影响因素研究　出处：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济持续高速增长，人民生活水平迅速提高，但收入差距也在持续扩大，城乡内部收入差距较为突出。洛伦兹曲线是研究收入差距的经典方法之一，较为充分地考虑到了人口结构和收入结构的关系。其中，GeneralQuadratic(GQ)Lorenz曲线模型和Beta(B)Lorenz曲线模型，考虑到了差异化的贫困线设置，，构造度量贫困的FGT指数，被世行广泛采用。根据现有统计资料，论文将城镇和农村居民按收入高低分为7个层组和5个层组，运用世界银行开发的POVCAL软件，分别对我国城镇和农村内部各收入层组之间的FGT指数进行测算，结果显示农村FGT指数从1990年的0.03上升到2011年的0.0713，城镇FGT指数从1990年的0.0126上升到2011年的0.0413，均大致呈现波动中上升的趋势。进一步，论文基于福利经济学、人力资本投资等理论，选取人均受教育水平、外贸依存度、经济增长率、转移收入比重、城镇化率以及农业支出比重六个主要影响城乡内部收入差距的变量进行实证研究，运用计量回归方法进行计算，结果发现受教育水平、转移收入比重、经济发展速度以及外贸依存度对城镇居民之间的收入差距影响显著，而受教育水平、转移收入比重以及财政支农比重对农村居民之间收入差距影响显著。最后，本文从受教育程度和社会保障制度两方面提出我国收入差距的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has continued to grow at a high speed, people's living standards have improved rapidly, but the income gap is also expanding. The Lorentz curve is one of the classical methods to study the income gap, which fully considers the relationship between population structure and income structure. The GeneralQuadratic(GQ)Lorenz curve model and the Beta(B)Lorenz curve model take into account the differential poverty line setting. It is widely used by the World Bank to construct the FGT index to measure poverty. According to the available statistics, the paper divides the urban and rural residents into 7 layers and 5 layers according to their income. Using the POVCAL software developed by the World Bank, the FGT index between urban and rural income groups in China is measured. The results showed that the FGT index in rural areas increased from 0.03 in 1990 to 0.0713 in 2011. The urban FGT index rose from 0.0126 on 1990 to 0.0413 on 2011, which showed an upward trend in volatility. Further, the thesis is based on welfare economics. Human capital investment and other theories, select the level of education, foreign trade dependence, economic growth rate, transfer income proportion. Urbanization rate and the proportion of agricultural expenditure six variables mainly affect the income gap between urban and rural areas for empirical research, using the method of econometric regression to calculate, the results show that the level of education, transfer income proportion. The speed of economic development and dependence on foreign trade have a significant impact on the income gap among urban residents, while the level of education, the proportion of transfer income and the proportion of financial support for agriculture have a significant impact on the income gap among rural residents. This paper puts forward some policy suggestions on income gap from two aspects: education level and social security system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F224

【参考文献】