“三环节”贸易与日本侵略战争的演进（1929-1945年）

发布时间：2018-01-04 20:37

本文关键词：“三环节”贸易与日本侵略战争的演进（1929-1945年）　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：日本作为一个资源匮乏的狭长岛国，其资本主义经济的发展离不开海外贸易。特别是在第二次世界大战之前，由于国内市场狭小及各经济部门发展不平衡等，日本经济对海外贸易的依赖尤为严重。这种依赖关系突出地反映在日本经济发展同海外贸易条件制约的矛盾之中，体现在政治上则是日本帝国主义与生俱来的侵略性与扩张性。可以说，矛盾激化之日，正是日本帝国主义侵略扩张猖狂之时。从这个意义上讲，，日本始自“九·一八事变”的疯狂侵略扩张与几乎同一时间发生的日本贸易危机之间有着千丝万缕的联系。从世界经济结构与日本经济再生产构造的关联性视角出发，日本著名经济学家名和统一将二战前的日本海外贸易概括为对美贸易、对英帝国圈贸易、对殖民地和中国贸易三个环节。日本以这三个环节的海外贸易为媒介维系着整个社会经济的扩大再生产循环。然而，这一贸易结构的基础是薄弱的。1929年爆发的规模空前的世界经济大危机严重激化了“三环节”贸易的内在矛盾。由于生丝出口获取外汇能力的丧失，第一环节对美贸易陷入不断扩大的巨额逆差。为确保资源和市场,日本开始以倾销棉纺织品为主要手段向第二环节英帝国圈发起进攻，同时妄图通过在第三环节进行侵略扩张。将建立并扩大由日本独占的日元经济区视为使日本经济彻底摆脱受制于海外贸易的根本出路。在此背景下，“九·一八事变”爆发，日本开始了长达十五年的侵略战争。但是，日本经济对海外贸易的依赖局面却并未因日本的侵略扩张和第三环节日元经济区的扩大而有所改变，反而由于战争的巨大消耗而更趋严重。于是日本只有寄希望于发动更大规模的侵略战争，获取更多的资源来弥补这种消耗。如滚雪球般扩大的侵略战争的结果是使矛盾不断激化，最后使日本经济同严重依赖着的第一环节、第二环节贸易完全断绝。在失去这两个环节的贸易之后，无论是陷入“内耗”中的日本战争经济还是依靠经济支撑着的日本侵略战争最终都只剩下失败一途了。
[Abstract]:As a narrow island country with scarce resources, Japan's capitalist economy can not develop without overseas trade, especially before the second World War, because of the narrow domestic market and unbalanced development of various economic sectors. The dependence of Japanese economy on overseas trade is especially serious, which is reflected in the contradiction between Japanese economic development and the restriction of overseas terms of trade. In politics, it is the innate aggression and expansibility of Japanese imperialism. It can be said that the day of intensification of contradictions is the time when Japanese imperialist aggression and expansion are rampant. In this sense. There is an inextricable connection between the aggressive expansion of Japan that began with the September 18 incident and the Japanese trade crisis that occurred almost at the same time. From the point of view of the relevance between the world economic structure and the Japanese economic reproduction structure, the famous Japanese economist name and unified summed up Japan's overseas trade before World War II as trade with the United States and with the British Imperial Circle. To the colony and China trade three links. Japan with these three links of overseas trade as a medium to maintain the entire social and economic expansion of reproduction cycle. The foundation of this trade structure is weak. The world economic crisis that broke out on an unprecedented scale in 1929 has seriously intensified the inherent contradiction of the "three links" trade, because of the loss of the ability of raw silk exports to obtain foreign exchange. In order to ensure resources and markets, Japan began to attack the second link of the British Imperial Circle by dumping cotton textiles as the main means. At the same time, we try to expand through aggression in the third link. We will establish and expand the Japanese yen economic zone which is monopolized by Japan as the fundamental way out for Japan's economy to completely get rid of the restrictions of overseas trade. The "September 18 incident" broke out and Japan began a 15-year war of aggression. Japan's economic dependence on overseas trade has not changed due to Japan's invasion and expansion of the third link of the yen economic zone. Instead, it was exacerbated by the enormous cost of the war, and Japan had to hope to wage a war of aggression on a larger scale. The result of the snowballing war of aggression was the intensification of the conflict, and finally the first link in which Japan's economy was heavily dependent. The second link of trade is completely cut off. After losing the two links of trade, whether it is into "internal friction" The Japanese war economy in the middle or the war of aggression supported by the economy were all left to fail in the end.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F131.3;K313.46

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