代际流动、教育收益与机会平等——基于微观调查数据的研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 13:04

本文关键词： 代际收入流动教育收益机会平等　出处：《经济科学》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查2011年全国基线调查数据,探讨了中国代际收入流动性及其作用机制。当前中国代际收入弹性在各年龄阶段人群中呈现U型曲线特点,90年代出生的居民面临的代际收入弹性较高,即代际流动性较低。运用阶层线性模型分析了代际间的交互作用机制:父代的收入水平和工作性质会通过影响子代个体特征变量的边际系数对子女的收入产生间接影响。教育是打破阶层固化的重要途径,但实证分析表明,父代的职业对子女的教育收益率存在显著影响,机会的不平等阻碍了代际流动。因此,政策改革应当保障教育机会和就业机会的平等,从而推动社会代际收入流动,促进收入分配结构合理化。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the national baseline survey data of China Health and Old-age tracking Survey 2011. This paper probes into the mobility of intergenerational income in China and its mechanism. At present, the intergenerational income elasticity in China is characterized by a U-shaped curve among people of all ages. The intergenerational income elasticity faced by residents born in 1990s is relatively high. That is, intergenerational mobility is low. The intergenerational interaction mechanism is analyzed by hierarchical linear model. The income level and the nature of work of the father generation can influence the income of the children indirectly through the marginal coefficient of the individual characteristic variable of the offspring. Education is an important way to break the stale of the stratum. However, the empirical analysis shows that the employment of the father has a significant impact on the children's educational returns, and the inequality of opportunities hinders the intergenerational mobility. Therefore, the policy reform should guarantee the equality of educational opportunities and employment opportunities. So as to promote social intergenerational income flow, promote the rationalization of income distribution structure.
【作者单位】：南开大学经济学院;
【分类号】：F124.7;F126
【正文快照】： 一、引言与文献综述国外关于代际收入流动性的研究最早始于Becker(1979)等人。他们假设父母通过遗传和人力资本投资将“禀赋”传给孩子,从而对孩子的收入产生影响。Mulligan(1997)在Becker和Tomes(1979)的基础上将个人能力的差异引入代际流动模型。Solon(2004)则通过理论模型

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