我国产业集群低碳发展水平及升级模式研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 02:10

本文关键词： 产业集群低碳转型升级模式技术创新　出处：《中南大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：世界经济历经工业化、信息化之后,正在走向“低碳化”,这将从根本上长期影响着中国经济的发展方向,我们必须尽快实现经济发展的低碳转型以应对世界以“低碳”为主题的新一轮竞争。近年来,产业集群作为当代世界经济发展中极具效率的产业经济组织形式,对于区域经济增长发挥着越来越大的推动作用,但是这些经济龙头很多也是高碳污染的源头,我们发展低碳经济必须抓主流、抓源头。因此,研究产业集群的低碳发展水平及升级模式问题,对于实现中国低碳经济转型目标极为重要。本文以我国产业集群为研究对象,以低碳经济为研究视角,以产业集群的低碳化升级为研究重点,基于产业集群、低碳经济、技术创新等相关理论,分析了低碳产业集群的内涵和特征,提出了我国发展低碳产业集群的动力理论模型,构建了产业集群低碳发展水平的评价模型,探讨了产业集群的低碳化升级模式,在此基础上提出了依据产业集群低碳发展水平评价结果实行组合、动态选择升级模式的方法,并最后提出了促进我国产业集群低碳化升级的若干政策措施。首先,分析了我国产业集群的发展历程、现状及主要问题,指出我国产业集群虽然已经成为我国区域经济的重要增长极,但主要分布在一些高碳行业,单位产值能耗较高,而且集群技术创新能力不强,国际竞争力薄弱,因而需要通过低碳转型来获得可持续发展。在此基础上探讨了低碳产业集群的内涵和特征,并从内外两个角度分析我国产业集群低碳升级的动力。其次,在明确了我国产业集群应该走低碳化升级道路的前提下,进一步探讨了两种评价产业集群低碳发展水平的方法,分别从整体和局部来评价产业集群的现有低碳发展水平和低碳发展的潜在能力。第一种方法是基于Tapio脱钩理论构建了产业集群经济发展与二氧化碳排放脱钩测度模型,从整体上评价产业集群经济增长与二氧化碳的脱钩水平；第二种方法是运用层次分析法构建产业集群低碳发展水平评价指标体系,用3个一级指标和21个二级指标来具体评价产业集群的低碳发展水平和低碳发展能力。第三,在对产业集群低碳发展水平作出评价后,应选择合适的发展模式来实现低碳升级。从产业结构视角分析,产业集群低碳化升级有低碳定位、局部改造、重点改造、选择淘汰和直接淘汰五种模式；而从产业技术视角分析,产业集群低碳化升级有“内部创新——流程再造——提升”(IPP)和“外部引进——消化吸收——蜕变,,(EDT)两种模式。产业集群应该根据两种低碳评价结果组合来选择具体的升级模式,并根据自身的低碳升级进度适时动态选择新的升级模式。第四,选取了两个具有代表性且来自不同行业的产业集群作为样本进行产业集群低碳发展水平评价的实证研究。分别对这两个产业集群进行了经济发展与碳排放脱钩情况测度,同时运用低碳评价指标体系对样本进行了具体低碳发展水平和发展能力的评价,并依据两种结果组合分析了各自的低碳升级模式,为其它产业集群起到了一定的借鉴作用。最后,从政府、集群和企业三个层面提出了促进我国产业集群低碳化升级的对策建议。一是政府层面应科学制定低碳产业集群发展规划,立法保障规划落实；合理制定产业结构、产业组织和产业技术政策,引导产业集群低碳转型；加速制定绿色标准和低碳法律,多途径倡导绿色消费。二是集群层面应构建集群产学研技术创新平台,自主研发低碳技术；构建低碳产业链,打造生态工业园；发挥行业协会监督服务作用,实现产业集群可持续发展；三是企业层面应树立低碳发展理念,形成低碳企业文化；重新定位企业目标,应对低碳经济挑战；多层面与监管者互动,赢得低碳改造时间。
[Abstract]:The world economy after industrialization, informatization, is to "low carbon", which will fundamentally affect the long-term development direction of China economy, we must achieve economic development as soon as possible the low carbon transition in response to the world with "low carbon" as the theme of a new round of competition. In recent years, as the great efficiency of the contemporary world the economic development in the form of economic organization of industrial clusters, in the regional economic growth plays an increasingly important role, but these are also a lot of high carbon economy leading source of pollution, we must grasp the development of low carbon economy main stream, grab the source. Therefore, the problem of low carbon development and upgrade mode of industrial cluster. Is extremely important to achieve the goal China transformation of low carbon economy.
Based on the industrial cluster in our country as the research object, to a low carbon economy perspective to low-carbon industrial clusters upgrading is the focus of the study, based on the industrial cluster, low carbon economy, technology innovation related theory, analyses the connotation and characteristics of low-carbon industrial clusters, put forward a dynamic theory model of the development of low carbon industry cluster in our country, construct the evaluation level of low carbon development model of industrial cluster, discusses the low carbon industry cluster upgrade mode, this paper puts forward an evaluation based on the industry cluster level of low carbon development results in the implementation of dynamic combination, choose to upgrade mode method, and finally proposes some policies and measures to promote low-carbon upgrade in China the industrial cluster.
First of all, the analysis of the development process of industrial clusters in China, the present situation and major problems, pointed out that China's industrial cluster has become an important growth pole of regional economy in our country, but mainly in some high carbon industries, energy consumption per unit output value is higher, and the cluster technology innovation ability is not strong, the international competitiveness is weak, so need to get the sustainable development of the low carbon transition. On the basis of the connotation and characteristics of low-carbon industrial clusters, and dynamic analysis of China's industrial clusters upgrading of low carbon from two aspects at home and abroad.
Secondly, in the premise of China's industrial clusters should lower carbon upgrade Road, further discusses the two methods for the evaluation of industrial clusters of low carbon development level, potential existing level of low carbon development and low carbon development respectively from the overall and partial evaluation of industrial cluster. The first method is Tapio decoupling theory the construction of industrial cluster economic development and carbon dioxide emissions measurement model based on decoupling, decoupling the level of evaluation of economic growth of industrial clusters and carbon dioxide on the whole; the second method is to use AHP to construct the evaluation index system of low carbon industrial cluster development level, with 3 indexes and 21 level two indexes to the evaluation of industrial cluster the level of low carbon development and low carbon development ability.
In third, to evaluate the development level of low-carbon industrial clusters, should choose suitable development mode to realize the upgrading of low carbon. Analysis from the perspective of industrial structure, the upgrading of industrial clusters of low carbon low carbon positioning, local transformation, focus on the transformation, selection and direct elimination of five modes; and from the perspective of industrial technology analysis. Low carbon industrial cluster upgrading "internal innovation process reengineering, improvement" (IPP) and external introduction - digestion and absorption, transformation, and (EDT) two modes. The industrial cluster should be based on the evaluation results of two kinds of low carbon combinations to select specific upgrade mode, and according to their own low-carbon upgrades timely dynamic choose a new upgrade mode.
Fourth, an empirical study of two representative and from different sectors of the industry cluster as a sample for evaluation of low carbon development level of industrial clusters. Each of the two industrial clusters of economic development and carbon emissions decoupling measures at the same time, the evaluation index system to evaluate the specific low carbon low carbon development level and development the ability of the sample application, and based on the results of two kinds of combination analysis of low carbon respective upgrade mode, to a certain reference for other industrial clusters.
Finally, from the government, three industrial clusters and enterprise level put forward some countermeasures to promote China's industrial clusters upgrading is a low carbon. The government should formulate low-carbon industrial cluster development plan, planning the implementation of legislation; establishing reasonable industrial structure, industrial organization and industrial technology policy, guide the industrial clusters of low carbon transition accelerated; green standard and low carbon law, many ways to advocate green consumption. Two is the cluster level should build a platform for technological innovation cluster research, independent research and development of low carbon technology; the construction of low carbon industry chain, to build eco industrial park; industry associations play a role of supervision service, realize the sustainable development of industrial clusters; three is the enterprise should establish the concept of low level the development of low carbon carbon, the formation of enterprise culture; re positioning of enterprise target, to a low carbon economy challenge; multi level regulators and win interaction, low carbon transformation time.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.5

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