技能偏向型技术进步及其对人力资本结构的影响

发布时间：2018-03-07 09:45

本文选题：技能偏向型技术进步　切入点：人力资本结构　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的持续高速发展，经济增长理论成为经济学研究中的热点问题，近几十年来，技术进步对经济增长的重要性不言而喻，学者们对于技术进步的研究也愈发的深入。将技术进步与劳动力技能结构相互作用进行研究表明，目前我国呈现出技能偏向型技术进步的特点，具体表现为技能溢价水平的提高以及技能劳动力需求的增加。在传统文献中，技能偏向型技术进步的存在性已经得到了定量的证明，并且学者们指出技能偏向型技术进步带来了技能劳动力需求增长及技能溢价水平提高，但是技能偏向型技术进步对于人力资本结构的影响并没有得到论证。随着经济增长理论的逐步完善，人力资本对经济增长的重要作用越来越受到经济学家的关注。在世界经济增长放缓的背景下，为保证我国经济持续高速发展，研究技术进步与人力资本之间的关系具有更重要的意义。现有研究中，多以人力资本存量作为衡量人力资本的指标，而随着人力资本的不断积累，人力资本结构的合理配置对国家经济发展的重要意义更为显著。本文将重点考察人力资本结构。首先通过定义人力资本基尼系数，并论证其衡量人力资本结构的合理性，并且通过其在全国各省的具体表现解释其与技能偏向型技术进步的交互效应。本文在现有研究工作的基础上，对我国技能偏向型技术进步进行更深入的研究和探索。构建并计算各省人力资本基尼系数，来衡量人力资本结构。通过计算人力资本基尼系数，发现样本期内我国各省的人力资本基尼系数呈下降趋势，即各地区的人力资本结构得到了改善，人们接受进一步教育的机会愈发平等。本文通过构建人力资本结构的代理指标人力资本基尼系数，研究技能偏向型技术进步及人力资本结构的交互效应。本文首先通过建立二阶段世代交叠模型，论证了技能偏向型技术进步与人力资本之间的作用关系，考虑到人力资本基尼系数位于（0,1）区间的特点，选择面板数据模型分位数回归方法估计技能偏向型技术进步及人力资本结构的交互效应，，结果显示：技能偏向型技术进步对于人力资本结构的影响在人力资本结构的代理指标——人力资本基尼系数处于较低分位水平时，技能偏向型技术进步能够促进人力资本结构的合理配置；而当人力资本基尼系数处于较高分位水平时，技能偏向型技术进步反而不能使人力资本结构得到合理配置，并且技能溢价水平的提高，能够改善人力资本结构，而技能劳动力需求的增加对于人力资本结构的改善具有负作用。另一方面，人力资本结构的完善有助于提高我国的技能偏向型技术进步，然而这一影响随着技能偏向型技术进步水平的提高而减弱。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid economic development in China, the theory of economic growth has become a hot issue in economic research. In recent decades, the importance of technological progress to economic growth is self-evident. The research on the interaction between technological progress and the structure of labor skills shows that China has the characteristics of skill-biased technological progress at present. In the traditional literature, the existence of skill-biased technological progress has been quantitatively proved. Moreover, the scholars point out that the technological progress of the skill bias has brought about the increase in the demand for skilled labor and the increase in the level of skill premium. However, the influence of technological progress on the structure of human capital has not been demonstrated. With the gradual improvement of economic growth theory, The important role of human capital in economic growth has been paid more and more attention by economists. Under the background of slowing world economic growth, in order to ensure the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, It is of great significance to study the relationship between technological progress and human capital. In the present research, the stock of human capital is taken as the index to measure human capital, and with the continuous accumulation of human capital, The rational allocation of human capital structure is more significant to the national economic development. This paper will focus on the human capital structure. Firstly, by defining the Gini coefficient of human capital and demonstrating the rationality of its measurement of human capital structure, And through its specific performance in all provinces of the country to explain its interaction with the technical progress of the skill bias. This paper based on the existing research work, In order to measure the structure of human capital by constructing and calculating the Gini coefficient of human capital in every province, the author makes a deeper research and exploration on the technological progress of the skill bias type in China, and calculates the Gini coefficient of human capital. It is found that the Gini coefficient of human capital of all provinces in China has a downward trend in the sample period, that is, the structure of human capital in each region has been improved, and people have more equal opportunities to receive further education. By constructing the Gini coefficient of human capital, a proxy index of human capital structure, this paper studies the technological progress of skill bias and the interaction effect of human capital structure. This paper demonstrates the relationship between the technological progress of skill bias and human capital, considering that the Gini coefficient of human capital is located in the range of 0 / 1). The quantile regression method of panel data model was used to estimate the interaction effect of skill bias and human capital structure. The results show that the influence of skill biased technological progress on human capital structure is found when the Gini coefficient of human capital is at the lower quantile level, which is the proxy index of human capital structure. When the Gini coefficient of human capital is at a higher level, the skill-biased technological progress can not make the human capital structure be allocated reasonably. And the increase of skill premium level can improve the human capital structure, and the increase of skilled labor demand has negative effect on the improvement of human capital structure. On the other hand, The perfection of human capital structure is helpful to improve the technical progress of skill bias in China, but this influence is weakened with the improvement of the level of technical progress of skill bias.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F249.21;F124.3

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