中国大型地区开发纵览及思考

发布时间：2018-03-17 07:11

本文选题：中国　切入点：大型地区开发　出处：《国际城市规划》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：当代中国,大型地区开发一直是地区发展的重要内容。建国伊始,在国家主导的计划经济体制下,国家布局大项目是这一时期地区开发的主体性内容。从建国初前苏联援建的156个大项目,到1960年代的"三线"战备大项目,再到1970年代两批成套引进的大项目,都在不同程度上塑造或主导了所在地区的社会经济面貌。改革开放启动以后,国家通过针对性政策推动特定地区开发,成为新的主流方式。这种方式在1980年代的经济特区中得到试验,在1990年代的开发区大发展中得到推广。21世纪以来,随着城镇化战略和土地经济的扩张,地区开发逐渐由产业性开发走向房地资源的商业性开发,国土资源的资本化成为新时期大型地区开发的重要支撑。这在2008年金融危机后走向了一个高潮和转折。面对土地资源瓶颈和房地价格畸高,国家一方面密集出台大型地区开发战略,另一方面通过非市场的行政威权限制房地产经济,呈现"冰火两重天"的困局。下一阶段的地区开发,需要从依赖政策资源和土地资源走向对市场内生活力的挖掘,建立可持续的地区开发机制。
[Abstract]:In contemporary China, large-scale regional development has always been an important part of regional development. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, under the state-led planned economic system, Large national distribution projects are the main content of regional development in this period. From 156 major projects supported by the former Soviet Union in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, to the "three-line" major war readiness projects in the 1960s and to the two sets of large-scale projects introduced in the 1970s, All of them have shaped or dominated the social and economic outlook of the region to varying degrees. After the start of reform and opening up, the state promoted the development of specific regions through targeted policies. Become a new mainstream approach. This approach was tested in the special economic zones of the 1980s and was promoted in the development of development zones in the 1990s. Since the 21st century, with the expansion of the urbanization strategy and the land economy, Regional development has gradually moved from industrial development to commercial exploitation of premises resources. Capitalization of land and resources has become an important support for large-scale regional development in the new era. This has moved towards a climax and turning point after the financial crisis in 2008. Faced with the bottleneck of land resources and the abnormally high prices of real estate, On the one hand, the state has intensively introduced large-scale regional development strategies, on the other hand, it has restricted the real estate economy through non-market administrative authoritarianism, thus presenting a dilemma of "ice and fire". The next stage of regional development, It is necessary to build a sustainable regional development mechanism from relying on policy resources and land resources to excavating the viability of the market.
【作者单位】：上海同济城市规划设计研究院;
【分类号】：F127

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