消费碳排放与碳溢出效应:G7、BRIC和其他国家的比较

发布时间：2018-03-27 07:22

本文选题：消费碳排放　切入点：碳溢出效应　出处：《国际贸易问题》2014年01期

【摘要】：随着全球消费水平的提高,温室气体排放也在显著增加,全面了解全球消费碳排放的增长趋势及其影响因素不仅有利于全球气候政策的设计,而且有助于从消费角度减少排放。本文采用WIOD数据库的数据,将全球分为G7、BRIC和其他国家三个区域,建立多区域投入产出(MRIO)模型,构建消费碳排放核算目录,分析各区域的消费碳排放及碳溢出效应。结果表明:G7每年的生产碳排放都小于消费碳排放,BRIC每年的生产碳排放都大于消费碳排放。从增长趋势来看,近几年BRIC的生产和消费碳排放增长率都高于G7。1995年国际贸易隐含碳占全球碳排放的16%,到2009年这一比例上升到20%。其中中国一直是最大的隐含碳出口地区,美国是最大的隐含碳进口地区。消费碳排放核算体系的建立对于国际气候谈判日益重要,在生产者和消费者之间分配碳排放责任,从而改变全球消费模式将有助于减排。
[Abstract]:With the increase in global consumption levels, greenhouse gas emissions are also increasing significantly, and a comprehensive understanding of the growth trends in global consumption carbon emissions and their impact factors not only contributes to the design of global climate policies, In this paper, the data of WIOD database are used to divide the world into three regions of G7 / BRIC and other countries to establish a multi-region input-output (MRIOO) model and to construct a directory of carbon emissions accounting for consumption. The results show that the annual production carbon emissions of the 10% G7 are smaller than the annual production carbon emissions of the consumption carbon emissions (BRIC) are larger than the annual consumption carbon emissions. In recent years, production and consumption carbon emissions of BRIC have both increased faster than those of G7.1995, when international trade implied carbon accounted for 16 percent of global carbon emissions. By 2009, this proportion had risen to 20 percent. Of these, China has always been the largest implied carbon export region. The United States is the largest potential carbon importer. The establishment of an accounting system for consumer carbon emissions is becoming increasingly important for international climate negotiations, and a shift in global consumption patterns will help to reduce emissions by allocating responsibility for carbon emissions between producers and consumers.
【作者单位】：上海海事大学经济管理学院;对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院;
【基金】：教育部哲社重大课题攻关项目(11JZD025) 国家自然科学基金青年项目(71103066) 上海市社科规划一般课题(2012BGL004) 教育部人文社科基金青年项目(11YJC790226) 上海市教委科研创新项目(13YS050) 中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2012T50073) 上海海事大学科研基金(220120114)
【分类号】：F113;F205;F223

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