中国区域聚集经济与增长绩效研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 13:27

本文选题：中国 + 区域差异　；参考：《南开大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济正处在持续快速增长时期,然而率先发展的东部地区与中西部地区的差距也在持续拉大并呈现加速分化。在此背景下,如何实现区域协调与可持续发展的问题引发各界关注。要素区际流动形成的聚集经济反映了地区经济在总量和结构上的演变；新经济增长理论中,经济效率作为“无形之手”,主导和驱动着地区间要素配置,也是评判地区的经济聚集与经济增长是否匹配的核心。本文综合聚集经济和地区经济效率两个维度的分析,为研究区域经济发展提供了新的视角,并引发我们对以下问题的思考：①改革开放以来中国区域聚集经济具有哪些特征和演变趋势?现实中我国东部地区与中西部地区的要素配置效率情况究竟如何?②普遍意义上来说,经济增长面临着投入要素的规模报酬递减和资源有限的内外双重约束。从现有的经济发展趋势来看,未来中国的经济发展能否摆脱“经济增长单纯依赖于要素数量积累会因回报递减而陷入停滞”的预言?③协调地区效率与公平是制订区域公共政策的关键,也是面临的两难。这也促使我们在经济效率“无形之手”之外,增加关于政府“有形之手”引导地区经济发展的思考。如何通过区域公共政策降低目前地区间不平衡程度,推动区域协调发展? 对上述问题的思考构成了本文的研究动机。本文结合逻辑演绎与经验归纳法,从聚集经济与增长绩效的内在联系出发,对我国地区经济发展提供新视角下的剖析。全文共分为六章,各章的主要内容如下：第一章：绪论。主要对本文的选题背景和研究意义,围绕的核心问题,研究思路与结构安排,以及创新点与不足之处进行简要介绍。第二章：理论与文献评述,从本文主题出发,对集聚与地区经济发展理论中的代表性研究进行了梳理,分别围绕.“经济活动的空间聚集”以及“地区动态增长路径与结构变迁”,对外部性与集聚以及集聚与地方经济的一些理论和实证研究进行了评述,指出现有研究的不足和有待改进之处。并归纳了“新经济地理学”视角下集聚与地区发展的主要研究成果。第三章：对集聚、生产效率与可持续发展进行理论层面的内在机理探究。首先,构建理论模型描述在规模经济与交易成本的权衡中,影响企业家选址的关键性因素,作为本文分析地区生产布局的微观基础,并为集聚这一空间经济活动提供内在机理解释。其次,考察多地区结构性变迁的微观基础和作用机理,从理论层面探究了空间聚集程度的变动与地区生产效率(TFP)之间的关联性。最后,构建资源约束下的动态最优增长路径模型,考察资源约束下的动态最优增长路径是否仍然可以实现可持续性发展。第四章：中国聚集经济的形成与动态演进。本章通过对转型期间中国区域聚集经济典型事实的描述和对聚集经济形成原因的分析,为第三章中的理论推理提供了来自转型经济体样本的实证依据,同时也为现有文献中的经典理论假说提供了相关证据。针对我国现实经济聚集形态的重要特征——地区专业化与多样性的并存共生,本章在区域综合视角下,样本选取改革开放三十年的长周期,对我国不同聚集经济类态的协同效应进行研究,这在目前国内外文献中还很鲜见。研究结果表明,新世纪以来地区发展如果延续单一的专业化聚集模式将是难以持续的；而专业化聚集与多样性聚集的协同效应对地区经济发展起到了促进作用,未来的招商引资中应注重发挥二者的协同性,将规模经济与范围经济相统一,这也是实现地区持续发展的内在要求。第五章：中国区域经济的增长绩效与可持续发展。经济效率作为指挥要素配置的“无形之手”,本章的研究结果为我国地区不平衡发展的内在原因给出了解释：转型期间,特别是上世纪九十年代以来,地区间技术进步与综合效率比值的双向下降,导致了中西部“塌陷区”与东部“增长极”地区分化的加剧。在对地区生产效率和要素投入的贡献进行核算后发现,相对于东部地区的“内涵型”经济增长,中西部地区更具有资本驱动式的“外延型”经济增长特征。能源消耗对地区经济增长的贡献份额很高,体现出地区经济依赖于高能耗产业的带动,表明了中国未来仍需进一步转变高能耗的增长模式,实现集约型发展。在对政府“有形之手”如何引导地区经济发展的实证分析结果显示,中、西部地区要素聚集对于本地区经济规模扩张具有更强的引致力,中部地区经济规模与聚集度之间具有双向循环引致关系,这一结论为制定我国的地区最优发展次序提供了政策启示。第六章：对全文理论分析和实证研究的主要结论和政策性启示进行归纳总结。总体而言,与现有文献相比,本文对中国区域聚集经济与增长绩效的研究具有以下几方面的创新：首先,本文以聚集经济和地区经济效率两个维度以及内在关联作为总体分析框架,对中国如何实现区际协调和可持续发展进行了新的探索与解答；其次,在理论研究方面,本文运用新经济增长和新经济地理学相关理论,构建涵盖空间分布与演变、聚集与地区效率的关联性、以及资源约束下的可持续发展三个层面的更为系统的理论分析框架,进行内在机理性分析,是对现有研究的进一步深化与拓展；最后,在实证研究方面,本文尝试结合逻辑演绎与经验归纳法,从聚集经济与增长绩效的内在联系出发,探究地区聚集经济的形成与演进,以及评判目前我国聚集经济与区域经济增长是否匹配,进一步深化了我们对于地区经济发展规律的认识与判断。实证结果提出了一些新观点主要包括：发挥不同经济聚集类态的协同效应促进地区经济发展；完善“绿色”增长绩效评估体系；进一步释放要素配置的空间红利,强化市场对于微观主体的引导；以及政府“无形之手”在不同地区的政策效应空间,最优发展次序选择等等,对我国区域经济发展中面临的现实问题进行了新的探索,并且对我国区域发展政策的制定提供客观有益的参考。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy is in a period of sustained and rapid growth. However, the gap between the eastern region and the central and western regions is also increasing and accelerating differentiation. In this context, the problem of how to achieve regional coordination and sustainable development has led to the attention of all walks of life. In the new economic growth theory, the economic efficiency is the "invisible hand", which leads and drives the inter regional element allocation. It is also the core of judging whether the regional economic aggregation and economic growth match. In this paper, the analysis of the two dimensions of integrated agglomeration economy and regional economic efficiency is the research area. The economic development provides a new perspective and causes us to think about the following questions: (1) what are the characteristics and evolution trends of China's regional agglomeration economy since the reform and opening up? In reality, what is the efficiency of the factor allocation efficiency in the eastern region and the central and western regions of China? From the current trend of economic development, can China's economic development get rid of the prophecy that "economic growth depends solely on the accumulation of factor quantity accumulation will stagnate because of diminishing returns"? (3) coordination of regional efficiency and fairness is the key to the formulation of regional public policies, It is also a dilemma. This also encourages us to think about the economic development of the "tangible hands" of the government outside the "invisible hand" of economic efficiency. How to reduce the current regional imbalance through regional public policy and promote the coordinated development of the region?
Thinking of the above questions constitutes the motivation of this paper. This paper, combining the logical deduction and the experience induction, analyzes the economic development of our country from the inner link of the gathering economy and the growth performance. The full text is divided into six chapters, the main contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter is introduction. It mainly introduces the background and significance of this topic, the core issues surrounding the research, the research ideas and structure arrangement, and the innovation points and shortcomings.
The second chapter: Theory and literature review, from the theme of this article, the representative research on the theory of agglomeration and regional economic development is combed, including "spatial aggregation of economic activities", "regional dynamic growth path and structural change", the theory and empirical analysis of external nature and aggregation, agglomeration and local economy. The research has been reviewed, referring to the lack of research and the need for improvement. The main research results of agglomeration and regional development in the perspective of "new economic geography" are summarized.
The third chapter: explore the internal mechanism of the theoretical level of agglomeration, production efficiency and sustainable development. First, the theoretical model describes the key factors affecting the location of entrepreneurs in the balance of scale economy and transaction cost, as the microcosmic basis for analyzing the distribution of regional production, and for the spatial economic activities of agglomeration. Secondly, the micro basis and mechanism of structural changes in multiple regions are examined and the relationship between the changes of spatial aggregation and regional production efficiency (TFP) is explored from the theoretical level. Finally, the dynamic optimal growth Lu Jingmo type under the constraint of resources is constructed, and the dynamic optimal growth path under the constraint of resources is investigated. It is still possible to achieve sustainable development.
The fourth chapter: the formation and dynamic evolution of China's aggregated economy. This chapter provides an empirical basis for the theoretical reasoning from the transition economies and the classic theoretical hypothesis in the existing literature through the description of the typical facts of China's regional agglomeration economy during the transition period and the analysis of the reasons for the formation of the aggregated economy. In view of the coexisting symbiosis between regional specialization and diversity, this chapter selects a long period of thirty years of reform and opening up in a regional comprehensive perspective to study the synergistic effects of different aggregated economic states in our country, which is still very fresh in the literature at home and abroad. The results show that the development of regional economic development is difficult to continue in the new century, and the synergistic effect of professional aggregation and diversity will play a role in promoting regional economic development. In the future investment investment should pay attention to the synergy of the two parties, and scale economy and scope economy. Unification is the inherent requirement for realizing regional sustainable development.
The fifth chapter: the growth performance and sustainable development of China's regional economy. Economic efficiency is the "invisible hand" of the allocation of command elements. The research results of this chapter give an explanation for the internal causes of the unbalanced development of China's region: the ratio of regional technological progress and comprehensive efficiency, especially since the 90s of the last century. The two way decline leads to the intensification of the "collapse area" in the central and western regions and the region of the Eastern "growth pole". After accounting for the contribution of production efficiency and factor input in the region, the central and western regions have more capital driven "epitaxy" economic growth characteristics compared with the "connotative" economic growth in the eastern region. The contribution of consumption to regional economic growth is very high, which shows that the regional economy depends on the drive of high energy consumption industry. It shows that China still needs to further transform the high energy consumption growth model and realize intensive development in the future. The empirical analysis of how the government "tangible hands" guide the regional economic development shows that in the western region The aggregation of elements has a stronger commitment to the expansion of the region's economic scale, and the relationship between the economic scale and the degree of aggregation in the central region has a two-way circulatory relationship. This conclusion provides policy inspiration for the formulation of the optimal regional development order in China.
The sixth chapter summarizes the main conclusions and policy implications of the full text theoretical analysis and empirical research.
In general, compared with the existing literature, the research on the economic and growth performance of regional agglomeration in China has the following aspects: first, this paper takes two dimensions of aggregated economy and regional economic efficiency as the overall analysis framework, and makes a new exploration of how China can realize interregional coordination and sustainable development. Secondly, in the field of theoretical research, this paper uses the theory of new economic growth and new economic geography to build a more systematic framework for the analysis of the spatial distribution and evolution, the relevance of aggregation and regional efficiency, and the three levels of sustainable development under the constraints of resources. In the end, in the case of empirical research, this paper tries to explore the formation and evolution of regional agglomeration economy by combining the logical deduction and the empirical induction, from the inner link between the gathering economy and the growth performance, and to judge whether the economic growth of our country is aggregated with the regional economic growth and further deepens. We know and judge the law of regional economic development. The empirical results have put forward some new viewpoints, which mainly include: playing the synergy effect of different economic aggregation states to promote regional economic development, improving the performance evaluation system of "green" growth, further releasing the spatial dividend of the element allocation, and strengthening the market for the micro body. As well as the policy effect space of the government "invisible hand" in different areas, the choice of the optimal development order and so on, it has carried on the new exploration to the realistic problems in the regional economic development of our country, and provides the objective and useful reference for the formulation of the regional development policy of our country.

【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

【参考文献】