技术的经济功能与经济增长

发布时间：2018-05-13 20:44

本文选题：技术进步 + 耦合　；参考：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：萨谬尔·巴特勒（Samuel Butler）有句名言：鸡只是一个鸡蛋制造另一个鸡蛋的途径。生物的主要功能甚至不是生产出另一个生物，而是它的基因。人类社会也有它的“基因”，这就是生产技术。人世间的兴衰都不过是一片历史云烟，保存下来的只是技术遗产。从人类的最早记录起，到现在的时代为止，技术进步一直是人类生活中的支配现象。“没有技术，就没有经济。”长久以来，人们总把技术进步视为一种当然，因而缺少系统的、深度的研究。在技术领域，中国曾经领先世界，近代又落后于西方。技术落后的直接后果是百年的贫弱和屈辱。技术能够如此定向一个国家与社会，说明技术具有强大的功能性质。历史地看，技术有两大功能：经济功能和军事功能。目前对技术经济功能的研究还相对贫乏，，对技术进步的机制研究也需要深入，对技术进步与经济增长之间的关系研究更需要在批评的基础上发展。首先，历史地看，技术在不同的历史阶段具有不同的功能性质。“近代”（15世纪末16世纪初）以来，技术的经济功能主要是“耦合”资本和劳动而成“企业”。本文首次提出企业起源的“技术耦合说”，并论证了技术是企业规模的控制变量。相关文章发表在《科学学研究》上。其二、在企业内部，或者在经济体内部，技术、资本和劳动之间的非线性作用可能突破旧结构，形成新结构。本文使用“布鲁塞尔器”模型论证了经济结构实现“跃迁”的数理条件。这对新时期产业结构升级具有理论意义。相关文章已发表在《技术经济》上。其三、技术进步如何反映在经济增长之中一直是经济增长理论的难题。本文以马克思劳动价值论为基础，数学推导了经济增长速度与技术步速的关系。并结合导师齐建国研究员提出的新技术扩散中生产者剩余递减、消费者剩余递增的原理，论证了技术的社会经济功能。相关文章即将发表。由于传统的分析工具难以刻画技术现象，新分析工具的引入和新分析思路的确立还需要很多的工作，包括技术的计量等。不过，技术是当今世界最活跃、最具决定性的力量，那么，技术经济学也必将随之繁荣起来。
[Abstract]:Samuel Butler famously said that chicken is just one egg that makes another. The main function of an organism is not even to produce another creature, but its genes. The human society also has its "gene", this is the production technology. The rise and fall of the world is nothing but a piece of history, the preservation of only the technical heritage. From the earliest record of mankind, until now, technological progress has been the dominant phenomenon in human life. "without technology, there is no economy." Technological advances have long been taken for granted and lack of systematic, in-depth research. In the field of technology, China used to lead the world and lagged behind the West in modern times. The direct consequence of technological backwardness is a hundred years of weakness and humiliation. Technology can target a country and society in such a way that it has powerful functional properties. Historically, technology has two functions: economic and military. At present, the research on the function of technology economy is relatively poor, and the research on the mechanism of technological progress needs to be deepened, and the research on the relationship between technological progress and economic growth needs to be developed on the basis of criticism. First, historically, technology has different functional properties at different stages of history. Since the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, the economic functions of technology have been mainly "coupling" capital and labor into "enterprises". In this paper, the "technology coupling theory" of the origin of enterprises is proposed for the first time, and it is proved that technology is the controlling variable of enterprise scale. The related article is published in Scientific Research. Second, the nonlinear action between technology, capital and labor may break through the old structure and form a new structure within the enterprise or within the economy. In this paper, the mathematical conditions for the transition of economic structure are demonstrated by using the "Brussels instrument" model. This is of theoretical significance to the upgrading of industrial structure in the new period. Relevant articles have been published in the Technical economy. Third, how to reflect technological progress in economic growth has been a difficult problem in economic growth theory. Based on Marx's theory of labor value, this paper deduces the relationship between the speed of economic growth and the speed of technological step. Combined with the principle of decreasing producer surplus and increasing consumer surplus in the diffusion of new technology proposed by Qi Jianguo researcher, the social and economic functions of technology are demonstrated. Relevant articles will be published soon. Because the traditional analytical tools are difficult to describe the technical phenomena, the introduction of new analytical tools and the establishment of new analytical ideas still need a lot of work, including the measurement of technology. However, technology is the most active and decisive force in the world today.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.1;F224

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