消费领域环境政策有效性的影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-24 08:31

本文选题：消费领域 + 环境政策　；参考：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着经济的快速发展,消费活动带来的环境污染越来越严重,人们在消费活动中产生的面源污染问题已经成为环境管理面临的新挑战。上世纪90年代之后,消费领域内的环境问题开始越来越多的受到人们的关注,针对消费领域内的环境问题,各国家和地区纷纷制定了相关的环境政策。但由于消费领域内的环境政策仍然处于起步阶段,无论是政府部门还是学术机构,对于该领域的研究和实践还相对缺乏,仅有的研究也大部分集中在某几个政策的专题研究中,彼此间缺少联系和借鉴,研究结果对该领域其他政策的制定和优化的指导意义有限。在此背景下,本文将研究视野投向整个消费领域,将消费领域的环境政策作为一个整体加以系统研究,以探讨对于该领域政策有效性具有普遍重要影响的因素,从而对今后其他消费领域环境政策的制定提供借鉴。本文中,首先梳理了国内外消费领域内大部分环境政策,对各种典型的该领域政策在制定和实施全过程中的情况进行梳理和分析,并对比国内外消费领域内,有效、部分有效、无效的环境政策在制定和执行的过程中考虑的各项因素,找到对消费领域环境政策有效性具有重要影响的因素。进一步地,对相似政策在不同国家和地区制定和施行情况进行对比,获取在排除政策本底异质性后,同一政策在不同地区施行过程中导致其有效性有所不同的更为关键的因素。最后将我国该领域不同政策执行的情况进行对比,研究我国该领域政策制定特点。同时,为对政策有效性及其影响因素进行进一步分析验证,本文利用对上海市限塑令实施前后居民生活垃圾中垃圾袋的数据采集和分析获得的结果,以定量和定性相结合的方式进行了个案的实证分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, environmental pollution caused by consumption activities is becoming more and more serious. The problem of non-point source pollution produced by people in consumption activities has become a new challenge to environmental management. Since 1990s, more and more attention has been paid to the environmental problems in the field of consumption. In view of the environmental problems in the field of consumption, various countries and regions have formulated related environmental policies. However, as the environmental policy in the field of consumption is still in its infancy, the research and practice in this field is still relatively lacking, whether in government departments or academic institutions, and most of the only studies are concentrated in the thematic studies of certain policies. The research results are of limited significance for the formulation and optimization of other policies in this field. In this context, this paper focuses on the whole field of consumption, and systematically studies the environmental policy in the field of consumption as a whole, in order to explore the factors that have a general and important impact on the effectiveness of the policy in this field. In order to provide reference for the formulation of environmental policy in other areas of consumption in the future. In this paper, the author firstly combs most of the environmental policies in the field of domestic and foreign consumption, combs and analyzes the situation of various typical policies in this field in the whole process of formulation and implementation, and compares the domestic and foreign consumption fields, which are effective and partial effective. The factors considered in the formulation and implementation of ineffective environmental policies are found to have an important impact on the effectiveness of environmental policies in the field of consumption. Furthermore, by comparing the formulation and implementation of similar policies in different countries and regions, the more critical factors leading to the different effectiveness of the same policy in different regions are obtained after the policy background heterogeneity is excluded. Finally, the different policy implementation in this field is compared, and the characteristics of policy making in this field are studied. At the same time, in order to further analyze and verify the effectiveness of the policy and its influencing factors, this paper makes use of the data collection and analysis of the garbage bags in the household solid waste before and after the implementation of the Shanghai limiter. The empirical analysis is carried out by combining quantitative and qualitative methods.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X322;F126.1

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