重庆市缩小城乡居民收入差距的对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 22:16

本文选题：重庆市 + 缩小　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城乡收入差距问题一直以来都是经济学界研究的一个热点问题,日益扩大的城乡居民收入差距已经成为影响我国社会稳定和制约国民经济持续健康发展的重要因素,探索如何缩小城乡收入差距,成为当前我们必须面对和解决的重要问题。重庆市的城乡居民收入差距总体上超过全国平均水平,1985年重庆市城乡居民收入比为2.50：1(同期全国为1.86：1)；2010年虽有所缩小,但也达到了3.62：1。针对当前城乡居民收入差距持续扩大的局面,中共重庆市委于2011年,提出了“缩小三个差距促进共同富裕的决定”,《决定》内容中明确提出要把缩小三个差距作为贯彻落实“主题、主线”的重要突破口,走民生路、念共富经,努力促进共同富裕。重庆市作为我国统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区之一,在经济发展过程中,存在城乡二元结构突出,区域发展不平衡,城乡居民收入差距持续扩大等问题；这些问题严重阻碍当地经济健康稳定发展及影响和谐社会的建设,对上述问题尤其是城乡居民收入差距问题进行研究并提出相应的对策,这对加快重庆市统筹城乡试验步伐,促进当地经济的发展和构建和谐社会都具有重要的现实意义；同时对西部地区缩小城乡居民收入差距,建设全面小康社会都具有重要的理论指导作用。基于以上的研究背景和研究意义,本文以二元经济理论、库兹涅茨“倒U”理论、收入再分配理论以及人力资本收入理论为基础,分析重庆市城乡居民的现实状况及特征,总结城乡收入差距扩大的主要原因；并运用逐步回归分析方法和多元回归分析方法对影响重庆市城乡居民收入差距扩大的主要因素进行实证研究。通过对重庆市城乡居民收入差距现状的分析,找出重庆市城乡居民收入差距现实状况及特征；结合重庆市城乡居民收入差距扩大的原因总结和影响因素的实证分析,提出缩小重庆市城乡居民收入差距的政策建议。本文研究的结论表明,重庆市当地的城乡居民收入差距总体上呈现逐年扩大的趋势,造成重庆市当地城乡收入差距不断扩大,主要有四个方面的原因：(1)典型的大城市带动大农村的二元经济结构。(2)金融部门城市倾向性的贷款政策、严重失衡的城乡固定资产投资比例。(3)城乡居民教育机会的不平等以及人力资本存量的差距。(4)城乡居民收入构成的来源不同。通过实证研究得出的结论同样表明,影响重庆市城乡居民收入差距扩大的关键因素是：(1)二元结构系数。(2)农业占地方财政预算比重(3)城乡固定资产投资比(4)农业占GDP的比重。依据分析得出的研究结论,本文最后部分从以下五个方面,提出缩小重庆市城乡居民收入差距的对策建议：(1)逐步消除城乡二元结构,统筹城乡发展(2)加大农村固定资产的投资力度(3)鼓励农民自主创业,实现农业发展新模式(4)提高劳动者素质,加速农村剩余劳动力转移(5)扶助农村教育,提升农村人力资本水平。
[Abstract]:The income gap between urban and rural areas has always been a hot issue in the economic circle. The increasing income gap between urban and rural residents has become an important factor affecting the stability of our society and restricting the sustained and healthy development of the national economy. It is important to explore how to reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas. The income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing is more than the national average. In 1985, the income ratio of urban and rural residents in Chongqing was 2.50:1 (1.86:1 in the same period in the same period). In 2010, although it narrowed, it also reached the situation that the income gap between urban and rural residents continued to expand by 3.62:1., and the CPC Chongqing municipal Party committee put forward in 2011. The decision to reduce the three gaps to promote common prosperity, the content of the decision clearly proposed that the three gap should be reduced as an important breakthrough in implementing the "theme and main line", taking the livelihood of the people's livelihood, thinking of the common wealth, and trying to promote common prosperity.
In the process of economic development, Chongqing city is one of the experimental areas of comprehensive supporting reform in urban and rural areas. In the process of economic development, there are problems of two yuan structure in urban and rural areas, unbalanced regional development and continuous expansion of the income gap between urban and rural residents. These problems seriously impede the healthy and stable development of the local economy and influence the construction of a harmonious society, especially the above problems. It is the study of the income gap between urban and rural residents and the corresponding countermeasures, which is of great practical significance to speed up the pace of urban and rural trials in Chongqing, promote the development of local economy and build a harmonious society. At the same time, it has important theory to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents and build a well-off society in the western region. Guiding role.
Based on the above research background and research significance, this paper, based on the two yuan economic theory, Kuznets "inverted U" theory, income redistribution theory and human capital income theory, analyzes the actual situation and characteristics of urban and rural residents in Chongqing, summarizes the main reasons for the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural areas, and uses the stepwise regression analysis method and the analysis method. The multiple regression analysis method has made an empirical study on the main factors affecting the widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing. Through the analysis of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing, the current situation and characteristics of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing are found out, and the reasons for the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing are summarized and influenced by the factors. Based on the empirical analysis, we put forward policy recommendations to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing.
The conclusion of this study shows that the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing is increasing year by year, which causes the local urban and rural income gap to expand in Chongqing, which is mainly due to four reasons: (1) the typical large cities drive the two yuan economic structure of the large rural areas. (2) the loan policy of the urban tendency of the financial sector is strict. The proportion of unbalanced urban and rural fixed assets investment. (3) the inequality of educational opportunities and the gap between urban and rural residents' educational opportunities and the gap between human capital stock. (4) the sources of income composition of urban and rural residents are different. The conclusions through empirical study also show that the key factors affecting the widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing are (1) two yuan structure coefficient. (2) agriculture. Industry accounts for the proportion of local budgets (3) the ratio of urban and rural fixed assets investment (4) the proportion of agriculture to GDP.
According to the conclusions of the analysis, the final part of this paper from the following five aspects, proposed measures to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing: (1) gradually eliminate urban and rural two yuan structure, overall development of urban and rural development (2) increase the investment in rural fixed assets (3) to encourage farmers to start their own business, to achieve a new model of agricultural development (4) to improve work. We should speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor force (5) help rural education and raise the level of rural human capital.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7

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