苏联对拉美地区事务的介入及经验与教训

发布时间：2018-06-02 22:48

本文选题：苏拉关系 + 全球战略　；参考：《拉丁美洲研究》2014年06期

【摘要】：苏联自成立至二战爆发这段时间里,与拉美国家的政治关系和外交关系发展缓慢,只是依托共产国际才对拉关地区的共产主义运动产生一定的影响力。二战爆发后,苏拉关系发展迅速。二战结束后,大多数拉美国家与苏联建立了政治关系和外交关系。出于与美国争霸的需要,在全球战略的指导下,通过发展国家间关系和进行意识形态渗透,苏联介入拉美地区事务。但受制于美国的冷战政策及为了压制本国共产主义势力的上升,20世纪50年代末大多数拉美国家相继与苏联断绝了外交关系,六七十年代苏拉关系才逐步得到恢复。在拉美地区,苏联以古巴和尼加拉瓜为依托,积极介入拉美地区事务。苏拉关系发展的历史脉络表明,苏联对拉美的政策是不成功的,其全球战略也缺乏牢固根基。苏联错失了在拉美地区提高影响力的良机,试图以经济手段维系与拉美国家的政治关系和外交关系的外交政策使苏联背负了沉重的经济负担,在古巴进行军事冒险活动也未能取得成功。苏联介入拉美地区事务的经验与教训表明,经济利益是维系苏拉关系稳定的核心要素。
[Abstract]:During the period between the founding of the Soviet Union and the outbreak of World War II, the political and diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Latin American countries developed slowly. After the outbreak of World War II, Sula relations developed rapidly. After World War II, most Latin American countries established political and diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. Under the guidance of global strategy, the Soviet Union intervened in Latin American affairs through the development of inter-state relations and ideological infiltration. However, in order to suppress the rise of the communist forces, most Latin American countries severed diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in the late 1950s, and it was only in the 1960s and 1970s that the relations between the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union were gradually restored. In Latin America, the Soviet Union, relying on Cuba and Nicaragua, actively involved in Latin American affairs. The history of Sula's relations shows that the Soviet Union's policy toward Latin America was unsuccessful and its global strategy lacked a solid foundation. The Soviet Union missed the opportunity to increase its influence in Latin America, and its foreign policy of trying to maintain political and diplomatic relations with Latin American countries by economic means carried a heavy economic burden on the Soviet Union. Military adventures in Cuba have also failed. The experiences and lessons of Soviet intervention in Latin American affairs show that economic interests are the core elements to maintain the stability of Sula relations.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所;
【分类号】：F151.2;F173

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