我国资源性产品出口管理政策研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 00:39

本文选题：资源性产品 + 出口管理政策　；参考：《西南财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：自改革开放以来,蕴藏量丰富的稀有资源在我国的对外贸易中扮演着十分重要的角色。然而,尽管我国是稀有资源大国,但我们实际上已深深陷入恶劣的贸易环境中。当美国和日本在进一步加强国内资源储备的时候,我国才开始逐渐意识到资源储备的重要性,因此采取了一系列政策措施来限制资源性产品的出口。但是这一战略举措却刺痛了美、欧、墨等国敏感的神经。2009年,美、欧、墨相继就中国的9种原材料出口限制措施向WTO提起了贸易诉讼。2012年WTO裁决结果为我国原材料出口限制措施的实施不符合国际贸易规则。这一资源性产品贸易诉讼更加使我们认识到保护资源的重要性与加快资源战略储备的急迫性。目前,我国稀有资源长期的盲目、无节制的开采与低价贱卖造成了我国在国外市场上没有真正的话语权。这反映出我国的资源性产品出口管理政策还存在缺失之处。因此,我们应当针对我国目前稀有资源的出口管理政策做一些相应的调整,从而能够更加有效地保护我国的稀有资源。本文以资源性产品的出口管理政策为主题,分为五个章节来撰写。其中,第三、四、五章是本文的重点。第三章运用AHP模型分析我国资源性产品出口管理政策选择。第四章对目前我国资源性产品出口管理政策发展历程以及具体政策措施进行梳理,结合WTO规则分析我国资源性产品出口管理政策实施问题。第五章先比较美、日等国资源性产品管理的先进经验,从而得出一些启发,最后从法律法规、出口关税、出口配额以及其他方面提出我国完善资源性产品出口管理政策的对策和建议。本文的主要观点是：我国最应该采取强有力的措施,如颁布相关法律法规以及行政政策,来规范资源性产品的出口管理,因此要完善我国的相关法律法规。在WTO框架下,出口关税是一个合法的手段,因此还存在较大的运用空间,可以在实施出口关税的同时实施与之相配套的国内税费措施。考虑到WTO有关条款的约束,我们要慎重采用出口配额和出口许可证制度。但是在满足WTO规则的“一般例外”规定的情况下,我们可以选择使用出口配额和出口许可证制度。本文的主要创新在于：在研究方法上,本文结合定性分析和定量分析,赋予影响政策目标的元素不同的权重,来分析我国的资源性产品出口管理政策工具；在研究视角上,本文研究的对象是各类可耗竭资源的出口管理政策,并将其纳入WTO框架之下,从而使本文较之前的研究更加具有普遍应用性,力争从多方位、多角度分析我国的资源性产品出口管理政策,从而形成科学合理的研究框架,区别于之前学者主要针对我国矿产资源的国内管理政策进行的研究或专门就2009年的原材料出口限制案件进行的分析。本文也提出了创新的观点：我国资源性产品出口政策的制定首先要考虑的是科学制定和实施法律行政政策,其次是完善出口关税以及出口税费措施,在符合WTO一般例外的情况下,我们可以选择使用出口配额以及出口许可证制度。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rich rare resources have played a very important role in the foreign trade of our country. However, although China is a country of rare resources, we have actually been deeply in a bad trade environment. Recognizing the importance of resource reserve, a series of policy measures have been taken to restrict the export of resource based products. However, this strategic move has pricked the sensitive nerve of the United States, Europe and Mexico for.2009 years, America, Europe, and Mexico, in succession to China's 9 export restrictions on raw materials to WTO the.2012 WTO decision of trade litigation for our country The implementation of the export restrictions on raw materials does not conform to the rules of international trade. This resource oriented product trade lawsuit makes us realize the importance of protecting resources and the urgency of speeding up the strategic reserve of resources. At present, our country's rare resources are blind for a long time, uncontrolled exploitation and low price sale have caused our country in the foreign market. This reflects the lack of the export management policy of our country's resources. Therefore, we should make some corresponding adjustments to the export management policy of rare resources in our country so that we can more effectively protect the rare resources of our country.
This article is divided into five chapters on the theme of the export management policy of resource based products. The third, fourth and five chapters are the focus of this article. The third chapter uses the AHP model to analyze the policy choice of China's resource oriented product export management. The fourth chapter is on the development process of China's resource oriented product export management policy and the specific policy measures. In the fifth chapter, the fifth chapter compares the advanced experience of the resource based product management in the United States and Japan, and then draws some inspiration. Finally, it puts forward the policy of improving the export management policy of our resource based products from the laws and regulations, export tariffs, export quotas and other aspects. Suggestions and suggestions.
The main point of this article is that China should take strong measures, such as the promulgation of relevant laws and regulations and administrative policies, to standardize the export management of resource products, so we should improve the relevant laws and regulations of our country. Under the framework of WTO, the export tariff is a legal hand, so there is still more space to be applied. At the same time, we should use export quotas and export license systems carefully in consideration of the provisions of WTO, but we can choose to use export quotas and export licenses under the circumstances of "general exceptions" of the WTO rules.
The main innovation of this paper is: in the study method, this paper combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to give different weights of the elements affecting the policy objectives to analyze the export management policy tools of our country's resource based products; in the perspective of research, the object of this paper is the export management policy of all kinds of exhaustible resources and will be included in the research. Under the framework of WTO, this paper makes this paper more universal than previous research, and tries to analyze the export management policy of our country's resource based on multi direction and multi angle, thus forming a scientific and rational research framework, which is different from the previous scholars' research on domestic management policies of mineral resources in China or 2009. This article also puts forward an innovative point of view: the formulation of the export policy of resource based products in China is first to take into consideration the scientific formulation and implementation of legal administrative policies, and the second is to improve export duties and export tax and fee measures, and we can choose to make a choice under the general exception of the WTO. Export quota and export license system.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F124.5

【参考文献】