低碳贸易约束下我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率研究
发布时间：2018-09-03 13:06
【摘要】：低碳经济是世界经济未来发展的趋势，钢铁产业作为高碳产业必须积极适应世界经济的变化，积极进行技术创新，减少隐含碳排放。由于我国的技术水平相比于世界发达国家相对落后，再加上巨大的钢铁产量，使得我国钢铁制造业隐含碳排放量巨大。在低碳贸易背景下，世界发达国家正在制定低碳贸易壁垒，提高了钢铁产品的出口门槛，使得我国的钢铁产品出口处于不利的国际环境。为了适应世界经济的变化趋势以及新的贸易规则，创新是我国钢铁产业获得贸易优势的唯一选择。对低碳贸易约束下我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率的研究能够对我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率做出客观的评估，并针对性地提出建议，对提高我国钢铁制造业的创新效率提高我国钢铁产业的国际竞争力有重要的理论和现实意义。 由于本文的研究背景是低碳经济，所以本文首先运用投入产出法计算我国钢铁出口贸易的隐含碳排放量，在计算过程中本文以2007年的中国投入产出表为基础并查阅相关统计年鉴得出2005-2011七个年份我国钢铁出口贸易的隐含碳排放量（单位：亿吨），分别为0.85、2.99、4.73、4.94、2.08、4.17、5.30。 在计算出我国钢铁出口贸易隐含碳排放量的基础上，本文建立了全面、有代表性的评价指标体系，然后运用DEAC2R模型对我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率进行评估。通过LINDO软件对模型的求解，本文得到2005-2011年我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率值，并进一步从综合效率、规模系统效率、投影及影子价格四方面做出了详细的阐述。 本文的实证结果表明：第一，综合效率值方面，在2005-2011年七个年份中，2005、2009、2011年钢铁制造业创新系统是DEA有效的；2006、2007、2008、2010四年是DEA相对无效的，这七年综合效率值的平均值为0.9189，说明我国钢铁制造业的创新系统效率是比较高的。第二，规模效率方面，2005、2009、2011年处于规模报酬不变阶段，是有效的；2006、2007、2008、2010四年处于规模报酬递增阶段，是无效的。第三，投影分析给出了非DEA有效年份的各指标的改进值，为我国钢铁制造业提高创新效率提供了依据。第四，影子分析找出了对钢铁制造业创新系统效率影响较大的指标，即隐含碳的排放量，所以要提高我国钢铁制造业的创新效率要改进技术减少生产过程中的隐含碳排放量。 根据实证结果，本文辨别出了对钢铁行业创新系统效率有显著的影响的因素即隐含碳的排放量，因此要提高我国钢铁产业创新系统效率要着重提高我国钢铁产业的低碳技术水平减少生产过程中的隐含碳排放，此外要加强对钢铁产业高科技人才的培养。因此本文有针对性地提出了提高我国钢铁制造业创新系统效率的四条建议，主要包括建立开放式自主创新战略、加强技术创新，引进清洁生产机制，，改善碳排放强度、引入碳税、完善产业链，提高产业集中度。
[Abstract]:Low-carbon economy is the trend of the future development of the world economy. As a high-carbon industry, the steel industry must actively adapt to the changes in the world economy, actively carry out technological innovation and reduce the hidden carbon emissions. Compared with the developed countries, the technological level of our country is relatively backward, and the huge steel output makes the implied carbon emissions of our steel manufacturing industry huge. Under the background of low carbon trade, the developed countries in the world are making low carbon trade barriers, raising the export threshold of steel products, and making our steel products export in a disadvantageous international environment. In order to adapt to the changing trend of the world economy and the new trade rules, innovation is the only choice for China's steel industry to gain trade advantages. The research on the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry under the constraint of low-carbon trade can make an objective evaluation of the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry and put forward some suggestions. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the innovation efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry and to improve the international competitiveness of our country's iron and steel industry. Because the research background of this paper is low carbon economy, this paper first uses the input-output method to calculate the implied carbon emissions of China's iron and steel export trade. In the course of calculation, based on the input-output table of China in 2007 and referring to the relevant statistical yearbooks, the implied carbon emissions (per million tons) of China's iron and steel export trade in the seven years 2005-2011 are 0.852.99 (4.734.94) and 2.084.175.30 respectively. On the basis of calculating the implied carbon emissions from China's iron and steel export trade, this paper establishes a comprehensive and representative evaluation index system, and then uses DEAC2R model to evaluate the efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing innovation system. Through solving the model by LINDO software, this paper obtains the innovation system efficiency value of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry from 2005 to 2011, and makes a detailed exposition from four aspects: comprehensive efficiency, scale system efficiency, projection and shadow price. The empirical results of this paper show that: first, in terms of comprehensive efficiency value, in the seven years from 2005 to 2011, the innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry in 2011 is the effective DEA in 2007 / 2007 and the DEA is relatively ineffective in 2008 / 2010, respectively, in the seven years from 2005 to 2011, the innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry in 2011 is relatively ineffective. The average value of the seven years' comprehensive efficiency is 0.9189, which indicates that the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry is relatively high. Second, in terms of scale efficiency, 2005 / 09, 2011 is at the same stage of scale compensation, which is effective in the year 20062007 / 2008 / 2010, which is not effective. Thirdly, the projection analysis gives the improved values of each index of non-DEA effective year, which provides the basis for improving the innovation efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry. Fourthly, shadow analysis finds out the index that has great influence on the efficiency of innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry, that is, the emission of implied carbon, so to improve the innovation efficiency of iron and steel manufacturing industry in our country, we must improve the technology to reduce the implied carbon emissions in the process of production. Based on the empirical results, this paper identifies the factors that have a significant impact on the efficiency of innovation systems in the iron and steel industry, namely, the emissions of implied carbon. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of China's iron and steel industry innovation system, emphasis should be placed on improving the low carbon technology level of China's iron and steel industry to reduce the hidden carbon emissions in the process of production, in addition, to strengthen the cultivation of high-tech talents in the iron and steel industry. Therefore, this paper puts forward four suggestions to improve the efficiency of innovation system in China's iron and steel manufacturing industry, including establishing an open independent innovation strategy, strengthening technological innovation, introducing cleaner production mechanism, and improving carbon emission intensity. Introduction of carbon tax, improve the industrial chain, improve the degree of industrial concentration.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.4;F124.5
本文编号：2220063
[Abstract]:Low-carbon economy is the trend of the future development of the world economy. As a high-carbon industry, the steel industry must actively adapt to the changes in the world economy, actively carry out technological innovation and reduce the hidden carbon emissions. Compared with the developed countries, the technological level of our country is relatively backward, and the huge steel output makes the implied carbon emissions of our steel manufacturing industry huge. Under the background of low carbon trade, the developed countries in the world are making low carbon trade barriers, raising the export threshold of steel products, and making our steel products export in a disadvantageous international environment. In order to adapt to the changing trend of the world economy and the new trade rules, innovation is the only choice for China's steel industry to gain trade advantages. The research on the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry under the constraint of low-carbon trade can make an objective evaluation of the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry and put forward some suggestions. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the innovation efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry and to improve the international competitiveness of our country's iron and steel industry. Because the research background of this paper is low carbon economy, this paper first uses the input-output method to calculate the implied carbon emissions of China's iron and steel export trade. In the course of calculation, based on the input-output table of China in 2007 and referring to the relevant statistical yearbooks, the implied carbon emissions (per million tons) of China's iron and steel export trade in the seven years 2005-2011 are 0.852.99 (4.734.94) and 2.084.175.30 respectively. On the basis of calculating the implied carbon emissions from China's iron and steel export trade, this paper establishes a comprehensive and representative evaluation index system, and then uses DEAC2R model to evaluate the efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing innovation system. Through solving the model by LINDO software, this paper obtains the innovation system efficiency value of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry from 2005 to 2011, and makes a detailed exposition from four aspects: comprehensive efficiency, scale system efficiency, projection and shadow price. The empirical results of this paper show that: first, in terms of comprehensive efficiency value, in the seven years from 2005 to 2011, the innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry in 2011 is the effective DEA in 2007 / 2007 and the DEA is relatively ineffective in 2008 / 2010, respectively, in the seven years from 2005 to 2011, the innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry in 2011 is relatively ineffective. The average value of the seven years' comprehensive efficiency is 0.9189, which indicates that the innovation system efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry is relatively high. Second, in terms of scale efficiency, 2005 / 09, 2011 is at the same stage of scale compensation, which is effective in the year 20062007 / 2008 / 2010, which is not effective. Thirdly, the projection analysis gives the improved values of each index of non-DEA effective year, which provides the basis for improving the innovation efficiency of China's iron and steel manufacturing industry. Fourthly, shadow analysis finds out the index that has great influence on the efficiency of innovation system of iron and steel manufacturing industry, that is, the emission of implied carbon, so to improve the innovation efficiency of iron and steel manufacturing industry in our country, we must improve the technology to reduce the implied carbon emissions in the process of production. Based on the empirical results, this paper identifies the factors that have a significant impact on the efficiency of innovation systems in the iron and steel industry, namely, the emissions of implied carbon. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of China's iron and steel industry innovation system, emphasis should be placed on improving the low carbon technology level of China's iron and steel industry to reduce the hidden carbon emissions in the process of production, in addition, to strengthen the cultivation of high-tech talents in the iron and steel industry. Therefore, this paper puts forward four suggestions to improve the efficiency of innovation system in China's iron and steel manufacturing industry, including establishing an open independent innovation strategy, strengthening technological innovation, introducing cleaner production mechanism, and improving carbon emission intensity. Introduction of carbon tax, improve the industrial chain, improve the degree of industrial concentration.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.4;F124.5
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 李尽法;吴育华;潘海生;;基于Malmquist指数的钢铁企业效率测度分析[J];北京理工大学学报(社会科学版);2008年03期
2 闫瑶;高健民;;钢铁行业上市公司股权结构与公司绩效的实证分析[J];地方财政研究;2006年05期
3 李新创;;我国钢铁工业2008年回顾与2009年展望[J];中国钢铁业;2009年02期
4 吴利华;周勤;杨家兵;;钢铁行业上市公司纵向整合与企业绩效关系实证研究——中国钢铁行业集中度下降的一个分析视角[J];中国工业经济;2008年05期
5 李凯;乔红艳;;中美日钢铁产品结构比较研究——兼论中国钢铁产品结构演进绩效[J];工业技术经济;2008年01期
6 庄贵阳;中国经济低碳发展的途径与潜力分析[J];国际技术经济研究;2005年03期
7 金乐琴;刘瑞;;低碳经济与中国经济发展模式转型[J];经济问题探索;2009年01期
8 刘曙光,田丽琴;区域创新发展的模式与国际案例研究[J];世界地理研究;2001年01期
9 王菲;毛乃才;;企业绩效评价理论综述及实践应用[J];商业时代;2010年07期
10 郝清民,孙利红;我国钢铁企业规模经济有效性分析[J];天津冶金;2002年06期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 闫云凤;中国对外贸易的隐含碳研究[D];华东师范大学;2011年
本文编号：2220063
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/zhongguojingjilunwen/2220063.html
