美国对非科技合作的历程、途径及趋势

发布时间：2018-10-09 15:01

【摘要】：美国作为世界头号科技强国,科学技术一直是其外交的支撑杠杆。美国和非洲之间科技水平相距甚远,但这并未成为美非之间科技合作的障碍。相反,科技内涵渗透在美非合作的各个方面。从美非关系60多年的历史过程来看,美非科技合作主要渗透于美国对非的援助计划和美非经贸活动之中。特别是2000年以来,科技因素在两者之中的比重愈加突出。美国政府牵头各方力量,整合各类资源,实施对非科技援助;美国企业通过对非经济合作,促进双边技术合作;美国政府与企业联动,推动双边科技合作,这三者是美国对非科技合作的主要途径。大国博弈非洲的21世纪初期,科技已成为美国在非进行利益争夺的"杀手锏"。未来,美国将会立足于其对非的外交战略布局,通过军事技术、经济技术,特别是新能源技术,加强同非洲国家的科技合作,维护和拓展美国在非的经济利益。
[Abstract]:As the world's largest scientific and technological power, science and technology has been the supporting lever of its diplomacy. The level of science and technology between the United States and Africa is far apart, but this has not become an obstacle to scientific and technological cooperation between the United States and Africa. On the contrary, the connotation of science and technology permeates all aspects of cooperation between the United States and Africa. From the historical process of more than 60 years of U.S.-Africa relations, the cooperation of science and technology between the United States and Africa mainly permeates into American aid programs to Africa and the economic and trade activities between the United States and Africa. Especially since 2000, the proportion of science and technology factor in both is more and more prominent. The United States Government has led various efforts to integrate all kinds of resources and implement assistance to non-science and technology; American enterprises have promoted bilateral technical cooperation through non-economic cooperation; and the United States government and enterprises have made joint efforts to promote bilateral scientific and technological cooperation. These three are the main way for the United States to cooperate with non-science and technology. At the beginning of the 21st century, science and technology have become the "killer mace" for the United States to compete for interests in Africa. In the future, the United States will base itself on its diplomatic strategic layout towards Africa, strengthen its scientific and technological cooperation with African countries through military technology, economic technology, especially new energy technology, and safeguard and expand the economic interests of the United States in Africa.
【作者单位】：云南大学国际关系研究院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“中非科技合作的现状、问题及对策研究”(10XGJ006)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F113.2;F171.2;F14

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