收入分配差距测度方法的比较研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 10:21

【摘要】：贫富差距是当今国际社会最为关注的话题之一。而经历了改革开放三十年的中国,引起国际社会侧目的不仅仅是飞速发展的经济成果,不断推进的民主政治进程,空前繁荣的社会主义文化,同时还有收入分配差距不断扩大的问题。做大蛋糕实属不易,分好蛋糕同样是我们工作的重头戏。观察蛋糕的分配情况需要恰当的衡量分配的方法。无论是国际学者还是国内普通老百姓,都给予了收入分配问题极大的关注,这也使得近年来收入差距问题成为学术界的热点。伴随着收入分配差距成为学术界研究的重点,采用何种衡量方法可以准确反映收入分配差距现象也逐渐成为人们争论的焦点。中国收入分配差距问题具有特殊性。地域辽阔,人口众多和严格的城乡二元结构等等基本国情决定了中国的收入差距衡量不能像欧美国家那样仅仅用一种指标或者一种方法进行计算。本文的主要工作主要是着眼于研究衡量中国收入分配差距的方法,并比较和总结这些方法在衡量我国居民收入差距问题中的优缺点。利用根据现有数据,应用基尼系数、城乡收入比、泰尔熵指数等指标对我国居民存在的收入分配差距问题初步衡量和进一步说明。本文结构如下：第一章是研究导论,指出对我国收入分配差距问题的研究必要性以及本文的创新点。第二章阐述研究收入分配差距的文献综述和我国收入差距的研究现状。介绍了目前我国收入分配差距的现状以及中国收入差距问题的计算偏差。第三章介绍衡量收入分配差距的研究方法,并通过对比分析指出基尼系数是衡量组内收入分配差距的国际主流方法,泰尔指数因为其优良的分解性是衡量组间收入分配差距的首选方法。第四章主要从实证角度利用国家统计局统计年鉴数据,计算我国2002-2011年农村内部和1997-2011年城镇内部基尼系数。用泰尔指数衡量的2002-2011年城乡收入差距；2011年我国东部、西部、中部区域之间收入差距。对比主要研究部门对我国全国基尼系数的计算结果。第五章是总结与展望,指出基尼系数是衡量我国农村内部、城镇内部和全国居民收入分配差距的优良指标及其可行的计算方法。展望部分是对我国城乡一体化统计进程的期待以及数据处理和完善。
[Abstract]:The gap between the rich and the poor is one of the most concerned topics in the international community. After 30 years of reform and opening up, China has attracted the attention of the international community not only because of the rapid economic achievements, but also because of the continuous progress of democratic politics and the unprecedented prosperity of the socialist culture. At the same time, there is a widening gap in income distribution. It's not easy to make a big cake, it's also a big part of our work. Observing the distribution of cakes requires a proper measure of distribution. Both international scholars and ordinary people in China have paid great attention to the problem of income distribution, which makes the issue of income gap become a hot topic in academic circles in recent years. Along with the income distribution gap has become the focus of academic research, what kind of measurement method can accurately reflect the income distribution gap phenomenon has gradually become the focus of debate. The problem of income distribution gap in China has its particularity. The vast territory, large population and strict urban-rural dual structure and other basic national conditions determine that China's income gap can not be measured by just one index or one method as in Europe and the United States. The main work of this paper is to study the methods of measuring the income distribution gap in China, and to compare and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in measuring the income gap in China. According to the existing data, the author uses Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio, Tyrentropy index and other indicators to measure and further explain the income distribution gap existing in China. The structure of this paper is as follows: the first chapter is an introduction to the research, pointing out the necessity of the research on the income distribution gap in China and the innovation of this paper. The second chapter describes the literature review of income distribution gap and the current situation of income gap research in China. This paper introduces the current situation of China's income distribution gap and the calculation deviation of China's income gap. The third chapter introduces the research methods of measuring the income distribution gap, and points out that the Gini coefficient is the international mainstream method to measure the income distribution gap within the group through comparative analysis. The Thiel index is the preferred method for measuring income distribution gap between groups because of its good decomposition. The fourth chapter mainly uses the statistical yearbook data of the National Bureau of Statistics to calculate the Gini coefficient in rural areas and towns in China from 2002 to 2011. The income gap between urban and rural areas from 2002 to 2011 and the income gap between eastern, western and central regions of China in 2011. Compare the calculation results of the Gini coefficient in China by the main research departments. The fifth chapter is a summary and prospect, pointing out that the Gini coefficient is a good index and a feasible calculation method to measure the income distribution gap between rural, urban and national residents in China. The expectation part is the expectation and the data processing and consummation of our country's urban-rural integration statistical process.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F224

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