中国代际收入流动性及传递机制研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 09:28

【摘要】：代际收入流动性反映了经济社会中机会均等的状况,因此,关注和研究代际收入流动性问题具有重要的现实意义。使用CHNS的1989—2009年数据,运用优化估计方法并剔除偏差因素,通过建立模型实证估算2009年中国代际收入弹性,其结果整体约为0.6,城市和农村分别为0.8和0.5。该结果表明,与已有国家的相关研究结果相比,中国的代际收入弹性偏高,中国的家庭因素对子代收入的影响仍然很大。进一步地,从教育、健康等人力资本和社会资本几个方面研究代际收入流动性的内在传递机制,其实证结果表明,人力资本对中国的代际收入传递起到了重要作用,社会资本的影响也很显著。有鉴于此,一方面,政府应该进一步加大公共支出力度,采用多种途径增加民众在享受医疗保健和接受教育等公共资源方面的公正和公平性,另一方面要继续强化市场经济体制改革,破除城乡之间劳动力市场的分割和劳动力流动的壁垒,以及职业隔离和行业垄断等格局,从而提高社会效率,提高动态的机会均等和收入公平。
[Abstract]:Intergenerational income mobility reflects the situation of equal opportunities in economic society, so it is of great practical significance to pay attention to and study the issue of intergenerational income mobility. Using the data of CHNS from 1989 to 2009, using the method of optimization estimation and excluding the deviation factors, the paper estimates the intergenerational income elasticity of China in 2009 empirically by establishing a model. The overall result is about 0.6, 0.8 and 0.5 in urban and rural areas, respectively. The results show that the intergenerational income elasticity of China is higher than that of other countries, and the influence of Chinese family factors on the income of offspring is still great. Further, from the aspects of human capital and social capital, such as education, health, and so on, this paper studies the internal transmission mechanism of intergenerational income mobility. In fact, the empirical results show that human capital plays an important role in the transmission of intergenerational income in China. The impact of social capital is also significant. In view of this, on the one hand, the government should further increase public expenditure and adopt various ways to increase public access to public resources such as health care and education. On the other hand, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the reform of the market economy system, to break down barriers to the division of the labor market and the flow of labor between urban and rural areas, as well as the pattern of occupational segregation and industry monopoly, so as to improve social efficiency. Improve dynamic equality of opportunity and income equity.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学商学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金教育科学规划项目“收入差距与中国的教育回报率:基于需求角度的分析”(项目编号:CFA130155)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F124.7

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