公平视角下城乡收入差距研究

发布时间：2019-02-19 09:13

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国取得了举世瞩目的成就。但是,随着改革的不断深入,我国城乡收入差距不断拉大,社会贫富差距悬殊,城乡经济发展不协调。城乡收入差距扩大这一问题,严重制约着我国现代化的进程,威胁着我国社会的繁荣与稳定。本文以现阶段的城乡收入差距为研究对象,以马克思主义分配理论为指导,运用理论和实证研究方法,分四个章节对我国现阶段的城乡收入差距问题做了较为全面、深入的研究。本文第一章是关于分配理论的相关概述。本章节从中国古代分配理论、西方分配理论、马克思主义分配理论三方面进行阐述,就分配相关理论从总体上进行了梳理,进而对城乡收入的定义以及城乡收入衡量标准进行了界定,为认清我国收入分配的总体现状扫清障碍。第二章是关于城乡收入分配历史演进以及城乡收入结构透视,共分二部分。第一部分是以历史分析、数据分析和实证分析为方法,探索我国城乡收入差距的历史演进。第二部分是对我国城乡收入结构分析。基于数据分析,阐明我国城乡收支结构方面的差异,找出城乡收入差距扩大的原因。第三章是产生城乡收入差距的原因分析。主要从农业的弱质性、二元经济结构、体制推进、制度安排、经济政策等五个方面阐述我国城乡收入差距扩大的原因：一是强调农村发展的自身限制性因素,阐释农村自身发展的不利影响。二是从二元经济结构的角度,分析出我国城乡二元经济结构是造成城乡收入差距扩大的主要原因。三是基于体制改革的视角,分析出体制因素客观上拉大了城乡收入差距。四是基于经济制度安排的角度,分析出农村经济发展制度的缺失,导致农村发展长期滞后,城乡收入差距扩大。五是基于经济政策的角度分析,认为财政、税收、金融政策的不完善,造成农村经济发展缓慢、缺乏活力。第四章是针对我国城乡收入差距存在的问题和原因提出相应的解决对策。首先从破除二元经济结构着手,强调改善城乡二元化结构促进城乡一体化建设的重要性。其次从调整体制格局的视角出发,寻求解决城乡发展不合理问题的相关对策。再次从制度的角度,通过分析解决城乡收入差距的制度的偏向性,提出要建立统一的城乡一体化制度。最后基于金融、财政分析,梳理出税收、金融、财政支等方而的创新措施和对策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements. However, with the deepening of the reform, the income gap between urban and rural areas is widening, the gap between the rich and the poor is wide, and the economic development of urban and rural areas is not coordinated. The widening income gap between urban and rural areas seriously restricts the process of modernization of our country and threatens the prosperity and stability of our society. This paper takes the current urban-rural income gap as the research object, takes the Marxism distribution theory as the instruction, uses the theory and the empirical research method, divides into four chapters to do the relatively comprehensive question to our country present stage urban-rural income disparity. An in-depth study. The first chapter is an overview of the distribution theory. This chapter expounds the distribution theory in ancient China, the western distribution theory and the Marxist distribution theory. Then it defines the definition of urban and rural income and the measurement standard of urban and rural income, which clears the obstacle for a clear understanding of the overall situation of income distribution in China. The second chapter is about the historical evolution of urban and rural income distribution and urban and rural income structure perspective, divided into two parts. The first part is to explore the historical evolution of urban-rural income gap by historical analysis, data analysis and empirical analysis. The second part is the analysis of urban and rural income structure in China. Based on the data analysis, this paper clarifies the differences in the structure of income and expenditure between urban and rural areas, and finds out the reasons for the widening of urban-rural income gap. The third chapter is the cause analysis of the income gap between urban and rural areas. The main reasons for the widening of the urban-rural income gap in China are explained from the following five aspects: the weak nature of agriculture, the dual economic structure, the promotion of the system, the institutional arrangement and the economic policy: first, it emphasizes the restrictive factors of rural development. Explain the negative impact of rural self-development. Second, from the point of view of dual economic structure, this paper analyzes that the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas is the main reason for the widening of income gap between urban and rural areas. Third, based on the perspective of system reform, the paper analyzes that the system factors have widened the income gap between urban and rural areas objectively. Fourth, based on the angle of economic system arrangement, this paper analyzes the absence of rural economic development system, which leads to the long-term lag of rural development and the widening of urban-rural income gap. Fifthly, based on the analysis of economic policy, the author thinks that the imperfection of fiscal, tax and financial policies leads to the slow development of rural economy and the lack of vitality. The fourth chapter is to solve the problems and causes of the income gap between urban and rural areas in China. First of all, it emphasizes the importance of improving urban-rural dual structure and promoting urban-rural integration construction. Secondly, from the perspective of adjusting the system pattern, we seek the relevant countermeasures to solve the unreasonable problems of urban and rural development. Again from the perspective of the system, through the analysis of the system bias to solve the urban-rural income gap, we propose to establish a unified urban-rural integration system. Finally, based on the analysis of finance and finance, the innovative measures and countermeasures of taxation, finance and fiscal support are sorted out.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;D081

【参考文献】