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基于双层规划的城市快速路出口匝道与周边路网协调优化

发布时间:2018-02-12 17:10

  本文关键词: 城市快速路 出口匝道 路网 双层规划 辅路分流 实例仿真 出处:《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:作为城市道路网主动脉的快速路系统,是城市交通快速、高效运转的重要支撑和主要保障,其较大的设计通行能力,承载着城市各个区间主要的交通运输任务。出入口匝道作为连接快速路系统内部交通流与外部交通流的纽带,是快速路主路与城市地面交通关联交叉的重要节点,该衔接处是连续流与间断流相互转换、相互影响的区域,易形成交通“瓶颈”,尤其在高峰期,交通拥堵严重时,匝道车辆排队甚至会回溢到快速路主路,影响整个系统的畅通与运行效率。因此,协调优化城市快速路系统与周边路网,对城市交通资源的共享、互补、连续性发展具有重大作用。论文主要工作如下:(1)对国内外快速路与周边路网系统相关研究进行总结与梳理。介绍双层规划理论、用户均衡分配模型、粒子群算法、Frank-Wolfe算法以及相关交通延误计算方法等内容。(2)对比城市快速路通道内各等级道路的交通特性差异,分析衔接区域交通“瓶颈”产生的原因,论证从空间上对整个系统道路资源整合管理的必要性。(3)以“均衡道路资源、均分交通压力”的思想,构建双层规划模型。其中上层模型是动态交通分流模型,以系统内各路段交通需求为控制变量、道路容量为约束条件,并以系统总延误最小为目标函数,确定最佳辅路分流比例;下层规划模型是标准的交通流分配模型,用以确定分流车辆最短路径以及各路段交通流分配情况。模型中考虑了辅路分流车辆绕行延误、汇入等待延误以及交织延误等各类参数。构建算例路网,求解不同交通需求下辅路分流比例,并对比分析不分流、固定分流、按模型分流三种情况下系统总延误大小。(4)以济南市燕山立交及周边路网为实例,采用Vissim仿真软件对该区域进行协调优化模拟,并通过对比优化前后的快速路出口匝道延误以及系统总延误得出结论:优化后路网衔接处交通“瓶颈”拥堵现象得到很大改善,系统运行效率大大提高,再次验证了论文所提模型在实际路网优化过程中的可行性。
[Abstract]:As the main artery of urban road network, the expressway system is an important support and main guarantee for the rapid and efficient operation of urban traffic. As a link between internal traffic flow and external traffic flow, the ramp is an important node that links the main expressway and the urban ground traffic. The junction is an area where continuous flow and discontinuous flow are interchangeable and interact with each other. Traffic "bottlenecks" are easily formed. Especially in rush hours, when traffic is congested, the queue of on-ramp vehicles will even overflow to the main road of the expressway. Therefore, the coordination and optimization of urban expressway system and the surrounding road network, the sharing of urban traffic resources, complementary, Continuous development plays an important role. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) summarizing and combing the related research on expressway and surrounding road network system at home and abroad, introducing the theory of bilevel programming, user equilibrium distribution model, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Frank-Wolfe algorithm and related traffic delay calculation methods, compare the traffic characteristics of different grade roads in urban expressway, and analyze the causes of traffic bottleneck. The paper demonstrates the necessity of integrating and managing the road resources of the whole system from a spatial point of view) and constructs a bilevel programming model with the idea of "balancing road resources and equally distributing traffic pressure", in which the upper layer model is a dynamic traffic diversion model. Taking the traffic demand of each section of the system as the control variable, the road capacity as the constraint condition, and taking the system total delay as the objective function, the optimal auxiliary road diversion ratio is determined, and the lower level programming model is the standard traffic flow allocation model. In order to determine the shortest path of shunt vehicle and the distribution of traffic flow in each section, the model takes into account various parameters, such as bypass delay, transfer delay and interleaving delay, etc. An example road network is constructed. Solve the proportion of auxiliary road diversion under different traffic demand, and compare and analyze the non-diversion, fixed distribution, according to the model of three cases of distribution system total delay. 4) take Jinan Yanshan Interchange and its surrounding road network as an example. The coordinated optimization simulation of the area is carried out by using Vissim simulation software. By comparing the ramp delay at the exit of the expressway before and after the optimization and the total delay of the system, it is concluded that the traffic "bottleneck" congestion at the junction of the road network is greatly improved after the optimization. The efficiency of the system is greatly improved, and the feasibility of the proposed model in the process of road network optimization is verified again.
【学位授予单位】:山东建筑大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:U491

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