基于出租汽车运营数据的交通基础模型研究及计算

发布时间：2018-03-05 11:41

本文选题：出租汽车GPS数据　切入点：决策支持　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着城市化进程的加快和机动车保有量的快速增加,各种交通方式在为人们出行带来便捷的同时也带来了交通事故、交通拥挤、交通污染等诸多负面的影响。本文通过分析“交通运输部城市出租汽车服务管理系统”中的卫星定位数据及某大赛提供的数据,提取相关参数,完成了出租汽车空车到达分布和道路阻抗两个模型的研究,具体内容包括:在城市出租汽车空车到达分布模型研究方面,深入分析现阶段国内外利用出租汽车GPS数据进行的分析。在大量研究的基础上,利用卫星定位数据中的各项数据进行包括空车平均到达率的计算。为使城市出租汽车空车到达分布模型能够适用于多区域、多时段,统计分析预处理后的数据,从而得出城市出租汽车空车到达分布服从参数为线性函数的非齐次泊松分布,通过得到的线性分段函数可自动推算乘客的平均等待时间。在道路阻抗模型方面,同样在上述数据基础上,充分分析影响城市道路阻抗的各种因素,利用层次分析法等技术提取出关键影响因素。结合空间平均车速计算方法和路长加权空间平均车速计算方法得到的城市车辆平均行驶车速,得到动态道路阻抗模型。从而得到城市道路阻抗模型。计算表明,本文提出的方法计算出的结果与观测结果基本一致。最后设计了相关的软件原型。本文对城市出租汽车空车到达分布模型及道路阻抗模型的准确描述,有利于科学合理地建立出租汽车停靠站和出租汽车调度与叫车系统;针对路网方面提出将GPS信息与其他数据源信息融合有助于准确估计路网交通状态;有助于出租汽车市场由传统的粗放式管理向信息化管理迈进,可为城市交通管理水平的提高提供有价值的决策依据。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process and the rapid increase of the number of motor vehicles, all kinds of traffic modes not only bring convenience for people to travel, but also bring traffic accidents and traffic congestion. Traffic pollution and many other negative effects. Through the analysis of satellite positioning data and the data provided by a competition in the "Urban Taxi Service Management system of the Ministry of Transport", the relevant parameters are extracted. Two models of taxi arrival distribution and road impedance are completed, including: in urban taxi empty car arrival distribution model research, Deep analysis of the current domestic and foreign taxi GPS data analysis. On the basis of a large number of studies, Using the data of satellite positioning data to calculate the average arrival rate of empty car, in order to make the urban taxi arrival distribution model suitable for multi-region, multi-period, statistical analysis of pre-processed data, Thus, it is concluded that the arrival distribution of urban taxi empty cars can automatically calculate the average waiting time of passengers from the non-homogeneous Poisson distribution whose parameters are linear functions, and the average waiting time of passengers can be automatically calculated by the obtained linear piecewise functions. Also on the basis of the above data, the various factors affecting urban road impedance are fully analyzed. The key influencing factors are extracted by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique, and the average driving speed of urban vehicles is obtained by combining the spatial average speed calculation method and the road length weighted spatial average speed calculation method. The dynamic road impedance model is obtained, and the urban road impedance model is obtained. The results obtained by the method proposed in this paper are basically consistent with the observed results. At last, the related software prototype is designed. The accurate description of the arrival distribution model and the road impedance model of urban taxi empty cars is presented in this paper. It is beneficial to the establishment of taxi parking station and taxi dispatching and taxi hailing system scientifically and reasonably, and it is suggested that the fusion of GPS information and other data sources will be helpful to accurately estimate the traffic state of the road network. It is helpful for the taxi market to advance from the traditional extensive management to the information management, and can provide a valuable decision basis for the improvement of the level of urban traffic management.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495

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