现代有轨电车路口优先控制的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-05 18:13

本文选题：有轨电车　切入点：路口优先　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市内机动车辆数量显著增多导致交通压力不断增大,越来越多的城市选择建设有轨电车作为改善城市交通现状的公共交通工具。传统的路口信号方案使得有轨电车在路口停车等待,造成有轨电车的延误增加,降低了其运行效率,而现有的有轨电车信号优先系统只针对单个路口,没有考虑沿线多个路口间的信号相关性,难以描述实际的交通状况。因此,本文设计了一种基于路口信号协调的有轨电车路口信号优先控制方法,在不对社会车辆造成严重影响的基础上实现有轨电车的路口信号优先。本文利用定位技术、嵌入式技术、无线通信技术,设计了有轨电车路口信号优先控制器,实现有轨电车在路口的优先通行。系统包括信号协调优先模块、数据存储模块、无线网络通信模块、主控制器和路口上位机。信号协调优先算法是在传统的韦伯斯特信号配时基础上,通过对路口车辆延误的分析,以延误最小为目标,路口信号相位差为参数,利用粒子群算法对延误函数进行优化,实现多路口的信号协调控制,利用有轨电车路口接近位置消息,计算其到达路口时间,利用时间均分、绿灯时间延长和红灯时间缩短相结合的方法为有轨电车提供路口优先通行信号。数据存储模块通过主控芯片利用SPI 口操作FLASH模块,对监控中心发送的整备数据进行存储和读取;无线局域网通信模块通过主控芯片利用串口操作无线模块,连接AP实现与监控中心、车载等设备的通信,获取有轨电车的整备时间、列车速度、接近位置等信息;主控芯片采用CORTEX-M3架构的ARM芯片作为处理器,通过无线网络通信接收车载和管理端的消息和命令并响应,根据当前路口交通状况、整备数据和信号协调优先模块的方案控制信号灯;上位机软件则是利用MFC编程实现路口社会车流量的模拟以及路口优先状态的监测,为调试带来了方便。通过系统测试,路口能够实时地为有轨电车提供优先信号,达到了预期的效果,实现了有轨电车在路口处享有优先通行权。实验结果表明论文研究的路口信号优先控制系统具有实时性强,可靠性高且具有可扩展性等优点,能够在降低沿线社会车辆延误的同时,实现有轨电车的信号优先,对提高有轨电车运行效益起着积极的作用,可减少有轨电车到达路口时不必要的停车等待时间,具有一定的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The increasing number of motor vehicles in cities leads to increasing traffic pressure. More and more cities choose to build trams as public means of transportation to improve the current situation of urban traffic.The traditional intersection signal scheme makes the tram stop and wait at the intersection, resulting in the increase of the tram delay and the decrease of its running efficiency. However, the existing tramway signal priority system only aims at a single intersection.It is difficult to describe the actual traffic condition without considering the signal correlation between several intersections along the route.Therefore, this paper designs a signal priority control method of tram intersection based on intersection signal coordination, which realizes the intersection signal priority of tram without serious impact on social vehicles.In this paper, the signal priority controller of tram intersection is designed by using positioning technology, embedded technology and wireless communication technology.The system includes signal coordination priority module, data storage module, wireless network communication module, main controller and intersection host computer.Based on the traditional Webster signal timing algorithm, the signal coordination priority algorithm is based on the analysis of the vehicle delay at the intersection, taking the minimum delay as the target and the phase difference of the intersection signal as the parameter, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the delay function.Realize the signal coordination control of multi-intersection, use tram intersection approach position message, calculate its arrival time, use time equal share,The combination of green time extension and red light time shortening provides a priority traffic signal for trams.The data storage module uses the SPI port to operate the FLASH module through the main control chip to store and read the complete data sent by the monitoring center, and the wireless local area network communication module uses the serial port to operate the wireless module through the main control chip.Connecting AP with monitoring center, on-board and other equipment to get the information of train preparation time, train speed, approaching position, etc. The main control chip uses ARM chip based on CORTEX-M3 architecture as the processor,Receiving messages and commands from vehicle and management terminal through wireless network communication and responding to them, according to the current traffic condition of intersection, preparing the scheme of data and signal coordination priority module to control the signal lamp;The upper computer software uses MFC to realize the simulation of the traffic flow and the monitoring of the priority state of the intersection, which brings convenience to the debugging.Through the system test, the intersection can provide the priority signal for the tram in real time, achieve the expected effect, and realize the tram enjoy the priority right at the intersection.The experimental results show that the intersection signal priority control system studied in this paper has the advantages of high real-time, high reliability and extensibility. It can reduce the delay of the social vehicles along the route and realize the signal priority of the tram at the same time.It plays an active role in improving the efficiency of tram operation, and can reduce the unnecessary waiting time when the tram arrives at the intersection, which is of certain practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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